2020年4月8日 星期三

申命記21:18-21


21:18 「人若有頑梗悖逆的兒子,不聽從父母的話,他們雖懲治他,他仍不聽從,
21:19
父母就要抓住他,將他帶到本地的城門、本城的長老那裡,
21:20
對長老說:『我們這兒子頑梗悖逆,不聽從我們的話,是貪食好酒的人。』
21:21
本城的眾人就要用石頭將他打死。這樣,就把那惡從你們中間除掉,以色列眾人都要聽見害怕。」

18 If someone has a stubborn and rebellious son who does not obey his father and mother and will not listen to them when they discipline him, 19 his father and mother shall take hold of him and bring him to the elders at the gate of his town. 20 They shall say to the elders, “This son of ours is stubborn and rebellious. He will not obey us. He is a glutton and a drunkard.” 21 Then all the men of his town are to stone him to death. You must purge the evil from among you. All Israel will hear of it and be afraid.

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    不孝敬父母是違背聖經的十誡,是應該受到懲治!而懲治的目的是要以色列人看重律法,因為遵行律法是活出上帝子民的樣式,使外邦人一看就知道上帝是與以色列人同在,就不敢攻擊與欺負他們。

    同樣今日我們成為基督徒,既然領受上帝兒女的身分,雖然有完全的自由,但是我們不是利用自由來悖逆上帝,而是用自由來順服上帝,活出上帝兒女該有的樣式,正如以色列人遵行律法,活出上帝子民的樣式!

    因此,我們要以謙卑的心來順服上帝,正如主耶穌為了完成上帝的旨意,寧可以放下自己與上帝同等的地位,成為人的樣式,活出上帝兒女該有的樣式,我們也當如此效法基督,謙卑自己讓上帝的話成為我們生命的依歸!不可以在悖逆,惹上帝的怒氣!



申命記21:15-17


21:15 「人若有二妻,一為所愛,一為所惡,所愛的、所惡的都給他生了兒子,但長子是所惡之妻生的。
21:16
到了把產業分給兒子承受的時候,不可將所愛之妻生的兒子立為長子,在所惡之妻生的兒子以上,
21:17
卻要認所惡之妻生的兒子為長子,將產業多加一分給他;因這兒子是他力量強壯的時候生的,長子的名分本當歸他。」

15 If a man has two wives, and he loves one but not the other, and both bear him sons but the firstborn is the son of the wife he does not love, 16 when he wills his property to his sons, he must not give the rights of the firstborn to the son of the wife he loves in preference to his actual firstborn, the son of the wife he does not love. 17 He must acknowledge the son of his unloved wife as the firstborn by giving him a double share of all he has. That son is the first sign of his father’s strength. The right of the firstborn belongs to him.

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    對於家庭棘手的問題,聖經也提供理性且合理的答案。雖然這裡的原則,以色列人的祖先雅各沒有遵守;但是在雅各心中拉結永遠是大老婆,所以約瑟就是長子。

    不過話說回來,不要多妻就不會有這樣的問題!不用去論喜愛不喜愛,所有小孩都是父母所寶貝,該立為長子的仍然為長子,不會受到母親之地位的影響,而不知立誰為長子。

    然而這段文字也提醒我們要看重自己是被上帝揀選與拯救的身分,如同古代人看重長子的身分。我們是上帝的兒女,更是上帝的後嗣,要與基督在上帝國裡一同做王!我們是王的兒女,將來也是王!

申命記21:10-14


21:10 「你出去與仇敵爭戰的時候,耶和華你的上帝將他們交在你手中,你就擄了他們去。
21:11
若在被擄的人中見有美貌的女子,戀慕她,要娶她為妻,
21:12
就可以領她到你家裡去;她便要剃頭髮,修指甲,
21:13
脫去被擄時所穿的衣服,住在你家裡哀哭父母一個整月,然後可以與她同房。你作她的丈夫,她作你的妻子。
21:14
後來你若不喜悅她,就要由她隨意出去,決不可為錢賣她,也不可當婢女待她,因為你玷污了她。」

10 When you go to war against your enemies and the Lord your God delivers them into your hands and you take captives, 11 if you notice among the captives a beautiful woman and are attracted to her, you may take her as your wife. 12 Bring her into your home and have her shave her head, trim her nails 13 and put aside the clothes she was wearing when captured. After she has lived in your house and mourned her father and mother for a full month, then you may go to her and be her husband and she shall be your wife. 14 If you are not pleased with her, let her go wherever she wishes. You must not sell her or treat her as a slave, since you have dishonored her.
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    取俘虜者為妻,正如這裡所說:「若在被擄的人中見有美貌的女子,戀慕她,要娶她為妻,就可以領她到你家裡去;她便要剃頭髮,修指甲,脫去被擄時所穿的衣服,住在你家裡哀哭父母一個整月,然後可以與她同房。你作她的丈夫,她作你的妻子。」

    感覺很像小說的情節,也覺得上帝實在太浪漫了,在聖經還會說到這樣的事情。這也讓我們感覺信靠上帝,不是要成為一位道貌岸然、不食人間煙火的聖人,而是有血有肉,實實在在的人!

    當然浪漫故事並不一定有完美結局,所以摩西最後也說:「後來你若不喜悅她,就要由她隨意出去,決不可為錢賣她,也不可當婢女待她,因為你玷污了她。」

    當然這樣說,是對於人的尊重,總不可以不喜歡人家就苦待人家!

申命記21章

         申命記21:1-9  ,

         申命記21:10-14  ,

         申命記21:15-17 ,

         申命記21:18-21  ,

         申命記21:22-23 ,





申命記21:1-9


21:1 「在耶和華你上帝所賜你為業的地上,若遇見被殺的人倒在田野,不知道是誰殺的,
21:2
長老和審判官就要出去,從被殺的人那裡量起,直量到四圍的城邑,
21:3
看哪城離被殺的人最近,那城的長老就要從牛群中取一隻未曾耕地、未曾負軛的母牛犢,
21:4
把母牛犢牽到流水、未曾耕種的山谷去,在谷中打折母牛犢的頸項。
21:5
祭司利未的子孫要近前來;因為耶和華你的上帝揀選了他們事奉他,奉耶和華的名祝福,所有爭訟毆打的事都要憑他們判斷。
21:6
那城的眾長老,就是離被殺的人最近的,要在那山谷中,在所打折頸項的母牛犢以上洗手,
21:7
禱告(原文是回答)說:『我們的手未曾流這人的血;我們的眼也未曾看見這事。
21:8
耶和華啊,求你赦免你所救贖的以色列民,不要使流無辜血的罪歸在你的百姓以色列中間。』這樣,流血的罪必得赦免。
21:9
你行耶和華眼中看為正的事,就可以從你們中間除掉流無辜血的罪。」

If someone is found slain, lying in a field in the land the Lord your God is giving you to possess, and it is not known who the killer was, your elders and judges shall go out and measure the distance from the body to the neighboring towns. Then the elders of the town nearest the body shall take a heifer that has never been worked and has never worn a yoke and lead it down to a valley that has not been plowed or planted and where there is a flowing stream. There in the valley they are to break the heifer’s neck. The Levitical priests shall step forward, for the Lord your God has chosen them to minister and to pronounce blessings in the name of the Lord and to decide all cases of dispute and assault. Then all the elders of the town nearest the body shall wash their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley, and they shall declare: “Our hands did not shed this blood, nor did our eyes see it done. Accept this atonement for your people Israel, whom you have redeemed, Lord, and do not hold your people guilty of the blood of an innocent person.” Then the bloodshed will be atoned for, and you will have purged from yourselves the guilt of shedding innocent blood, since you have done what is right in the eyes of the Lord.

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    古時的偵防能力沒有現在技術好,免不了有這種情形:「「在耶和華─你上帝所賜你為業的地上,若遇見被殺的人倒在田野,不知道是誰殺的!」

    然而上帝也不為難人,提供人有一個出路,於是向以色列人如此說:「長老和審判官就要出去,從被殺的人那裡量起,直量到四圍的城邑,看哪城離被殺的人最近,那城的長老就要從牛群中取一隻未曾耕地、未曾負軛的母牛犢,把母牛犢牽到流水、未曾耕種的山谷去,在谷中打折母牛犢的頸項。祭司利未的子孫要近前來;因為耶和華─你的上帝揀選了他們事奉他,奉耶和華的名祝福,所有爭訟毆打的事都要憑他們判斷。那城的眾長老,就是離被殺的人最近的,要在那山谷中,在所打折頸項的母牛犢以上洗手,禱告(原文是回答)說:『我們的手未曾流這人的血;我們的眼也未曾看見這事。耶和華啊,求你赦免你所救贖的以色列民,不要使流無辜血的罪歸在你的百姓以色列中間。』這樣,流血的罪必得赦免。」

    這樣的做法比起台灣過去怕死人變鬼討命的做法智慧多了!人尊重生命是應該的,但是不是用恐嚇法於弄人,這是非常不可取的!變鬼之說不見得可以使人尊重生命,反倒嚇到無辜之人,毫無意義可言!