申命記5章

      申命記5:1-33   ,

      申命記5:5  ,

     申命記5:29  ,
 

申命記5:1-33

5:1 摩西將以色列眾人召了來，對他們說：「以色列人哪，我今日曉諭你們的律例典章，你們要聽，可以學習，謹守遵行。
5:2 耶和華─我們的上帝在何烈山與我們立約。
5:3 這約不是與我們列祖立的，乃是與我們今日在這裡存活之人立的。
5:4 耶和華在山上，從火中，面對面與你們說話─
5:5 那時我站在耶和華和你們中間，要將耶和華的話傳給你們；因為你們懼怕那火，沒有上山─說：
5:6 「『我是耶和華─你的上帝，曾將你從埃及地為奴之家領出來。
5:7 「『除了我以外，你不可有別的神。
5:8 「『不可為自己雕刻偶像，也不可做甚麼形像，彷彿上天、下地和地底下、水中的百物。
5:9 不可跪拜那些像，也不可事奉它，因為我耶和華─你的上帝是忌邪的上帝。恨我的，我必追討他的罪，自父及子，直到三、四代；
5:10 愛我、守我誡命的，我必向他們發慈愛，直到千代。
5:11 「『不可妄稱耶和華─你上帝的名；因為妄稱耶和華名的，耶和華必不以他為無罪。
5:12 「『當照耶和華─你上帝所吩咐的守安息日為聖日。
5:13 六日要勞碌做你一切的工，
5:14 但第七日是向耶和華─你上帝當守的安息日。這一日，你和你的兒女、僕婢、牛、驢、牲畜，並在你城裡寄居的客旅，無論何工都不可做，使你的僕婢可以和你一樣安息。
5:15 你也要記念你在埃及地作過奴僕；耶和華─你上帝用大能的手和伸出來的膀臂將你從那裡領出來。因此，耶和華─你的上帝吩咐你守安息日。
5:16 「『當照耶和華─你上帝所吩咐的孝敬父母，使你得福，並使你的日子在耶和華─你上帝所賜你的地上得以長久。
5:17 「『不可殺人。
5:18 「『不可姦淫。
5:19 「『不可偷盜。
5:20 「『不可作假見證陷害人。
5:21 「『不可貪戀人的妻子；也不可貪圖人的房屋、田地、僕婢、牛、驢，並他一切所有的。』
5:22 「這些話是耶和華在山上，從火中、雲中、幽暗中，大聲曉諭你們全會眾的；此外並沒有添別的話。他就把這話寫在兩塊石版上，交給我了。」
5:23 「那時，火焰燒山，你們聽見從黑暗中出來的聲音；你們支派中所有的首領和長老都來就近我，
5:24 說：『看哪，耶和華─我們上帝將他的榮光和他的大能顯給我們看，我們又聽見他的聲音從火中出來。今日我們得見上帝與人說話，人還存活。
5:25 現在這大火將要燒滅我們，我們何必冒死呢？若再聽見耶和華─我們上帝的聲音就必死亡。
5:26 凡屬血氣的，曾有何人聽見永生上帝的聲音從火中出來，像我們聽見還能存活呢？
5:27 求你近前去，聽耶和華─我們上帝所要說的一切話，將他對你說的話都傳給我們，我們就聽從遵行。』
5:28 「你們對我說的話，耶和華都聽見了。耶和華對我說：『這百姓的話，我聽見了；他們所說的都是。
5:29 惟願他們存這樣的心敬畏我，常遵守我的一切誡命，使他們和他們的子孫永遠得福。
5:30 你去對他們說：你們回帳棚去吧！
5:31 至於你，可以站在我這裡，我要將一切誡命、律例、典章傳給你；你要教訓他們，使他們在我賜他們為業的地上遵行。』
5:32 所以，你們要照耶和華─你們上帝所吩咐的謹守遵行，不可偏離左右。
5:33 耶和華─你們上帝所吩咐你們行的，你們都要去行，使你們可以存活得福，並使你們的日子在所要承受的地上得以長久。」

Moses summoned all Israel and said:

Hear, Israel, the decrees and laws I declare in your hearing today. Learn them and be sure to follow them. ² The Lord our God made a covenant with us at Horeb. ³ It was not with our ancestors^[a] that the Lord made this covenant, but with us, with all of us who are alive here today. ⁴ The Lord spoke to you face to face out of the fire on the mountain. ⁵ (At that time I stood between the Lord and you to declare to you the word of the Lord, because you were afraid of the fire and did not go up the mountain.) And he said:

⁶ “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery.

⁷ “You shall have no other gods before^[b] me.

⁸ “You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. ⁹ You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, ¹⁰ but showing love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.

¹¹ “You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.

¹² “Observe the Sabbath day by keeping it holy, as the Lord your God has commanded you. ¹³ Six days you shall labor and do all your work, ¹⁴ but the seventh day is a sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your ox, your donkey or any of your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns, so that your male and female servants may rest, as you do. ¹⁵ Remember that you were slaves in Egypt and that the Lord your God brought you out of there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. Therefore the Lord your God has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day.

¹⁶ “Honor your father and your mother, as the Lord your God has commanded you, so that you may live long and that it may go well with you in the land the Lord your God is giving you.

¹⁷ “You shall not murder.

¹⁸ “You shall not commit adultery.

¹⁹ “You shall not steal.

²⁰ “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.

²¹ “You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. You shall not set your desire on your neighbor’s house or land, his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

²² These are the commandments the Lord proclaimed in a loud voice to your whole assembly there on the mountain from out of the fire, the cloud and the deep darkness; and he added nothing more. Then he wrote them on two stone tablets and gave them to me.

²³ When you heard the voice out of the darkness, while the mountain was ablaze with fire, all the leaders of your tribes and your elders came to me. ²⁴ And you said, “The Lord our God has shown us his glory and his majesty, and we have heard his voice from the fire. Today we have seen that a person can live even if God speaks with them. ²⁵ But now, why should we die? This great fire will consume us, and we will die if we hear the voice of the Lord our God any longer. ²⁶ For what mortal has ever heard the voice of the living God speaking out of fire, as we have, and survived? ²⁷ Go near and listen to all that the Lord our God says. Then tell us whatever the Lord our God tells you. We will listen and obey.”

²⁸ The Lord heard you when you spoke to me, and the Lord said to me, “I have heard what this people said to you. Everything they said was good. ²⁹ Oh, that their hearts would be inclined to fear me and keep all my commands always, so that it might go well with them and their children forever!

³⁰ “Go, tell them to return to their tents. ³¹ But you stay here with me so that I may give you all the commands, decrees and laws you are to teach them to follow in the land I am giving them to possess.”

³² So be careful to do what the Lord your God has commanded you; do not turn aside to the right or to the left. ³³ Walk in obedience to all that the Lord your God has commanded you, so that you may live and prosper and prolong your days in the land that you will possess.

***********

    摩西再一次宣告十誡，並且勉勵以色列人：「耶和華─你們上帝所吩咐你們行的，你們都要去行，使你們可以存活得福，並使你們的日子在所要承受的地上得以長久。」

    可見要成為一位得到福分的人，就是要遵行上帝所吩咐我們去行的一切，我們不可以憑著自己的喜好選擇性的遵守，要遵守就要遵守完整，不可漏掉一項，也不可以增加一項！

    就像我曾經聽到某位傳道人說：「我們因信稱義是不夠的，要得到上帝拯救就要有好行為！」

    乍聽之下似乎很有道理，但是他忘記聖經的原則，得救是上帝的恩典，是以信心為管道，不是以行為做管道，以免有人自誇！更何況人要先得救才會有好行為！

    所以，不管任何人不可以隨意曲解上帝的話語，又教導人要跟隨他的教導！若人要教導人上帝的話，必須先按正意分解真理，不可以隨己意解釋聖經！求主幫助我們，真正明白且遵行上的的命令！

詩篇53篇

        詩篇53:1-6  ,

詩篇53:1-6

53:1 （大衛的訓誨詩，交與伶長。調用麻哈拉。）愚頑人心裡說：沒有上帝。他們都是邪惡，行了可憎惡的罪孽；沒有一個人行善。
53:2 上帝從天上垂看世人，要看有明白的沒有？有尋求他的沒有？
53:3 他們各人都退後，一同變為污穢；並沒有行善的，連一個也沒有。
53:4 作孽的沒有知識嗎？他們吞吃我的百姓如同吃飯一樣，並不求告上帝。
53:5 他們在無可懼怕之處就大大害怕，因為上帝把那安營攻擊你之人的骨頭散開了。你使他們蒙羞，因為上帝棄絕了他們。
53:6 但願以色列的救恩從錫安而出。上帝救回他被擄的子民那時，雅各要快樂，以色列要歡喜。

For the director of music. According to mahalath. A maskil of David.

¹ The fool says in his heart,
    “There is no God.”
They are corrupt, and their ways are vile;
    there is no one who does good.

² God looks down from heaven
    on all mankind
to see if there are any who understand,
    any who seek God.
³ Everyone has turned away, all have become corrupt;
    there is no one who does good,
    not even one.

⁴ Do all these evildoers know nothing?

They devour my people as though eating bread;
    they never call on God.
⁵ But there they are, overwhelmed with dread,
    where there was nothing to dread.
God scattered the bones of those who attacked you;
    you put them to shame, for God despised them.

⁶ Oh, that salvation for Israel would come out of Zion!
    When God restores his people,
    let Jacob rejoice and Israel be glad!

**************

    在舊約的時代使用詩歌體的文體是為了讓讀者好記憶，也表至這樣的內容很重要，更是關乎預言和訓誨的事情，通常用於禮拜的場合。正如我們現在讀的這首詩歌，提到什麼是愚頑人、上帝救回他被擄的子民！

    當然這首詩歌主要是咒詛愚頑人！而愚頑人的定義就是心中沒有上帝的人，因為不敬畏上帝，就胡作非為，所以詩人就形容他們：「都是邪惡，行了可憎惡的罪孽；沒有一個人行善。」

    寫到這裡就讓我想到一位長老，雖然是教會的長老，也出身基督化家庭，也讀過教會的學院，但是心中仍然不信，還接觸別的信仰，後來雖然回到教會，但是所表現的仍然是以個人為中心，心中沒有敬畏上帝，造成教會莫大的混亂！所以，我們在教會選舉當職的同工，要注意其信仰的狀況，不可以只看外表！

    而心中沒有上帝是廣大人群的狀態，正如詩人在這裡受到上帝啟示寫下：「53:2 上帝從天上垂看世人，要看有明白的沒有？有尋求他的沒有？他們各人都退後，一同變為污穢；並沒有行善的，連一個也沒有。作孽的沒有知識嗎？他們吞吃我的百姓如同吃飯一樣，並不求告上帝。」

    相信這話也告訴在地上教會中被欺壓的基督徒，不要以為奇怪，在教會中仍然有不敬畏上帝的人，心中沒有上帝並且惡待真正服事上帝的人。所以馬丁路德才回提出讓人覺得奇怪的論點：教會被擄到巴比倫！

    今天仍然有這樣的情形，願上帝真正的百姓能夠存忍耐的心，正如大衛在這裡所說：「但願以色列的救恩從錫安而出。上帝救回他被擄的子民那時，雅各要快樂，以色列要歡喜。」

    上帝必定會進行教會潔淨的事，來救拔祂的百姓，使他們的心中喜樂，讓祂們心中感受上帝的恩典是何等的浩大，進而成為敬畏上帝、愛鄰舍的人！願主幫助我們，在感受到人的欺壓時，想到上帝的拯救必成，祂必帶領我們進入榮耀境，心中讚美而得安慰！

路加福音8:21

耶穌回答說：「聽了神之道而遵行的人，就是我的母親，我的弟兄了。」

But he answered them, “My mother and my brothers are those who hear the word of God and do it.”

***************

    『聽了上帝之道而遵行』，表示我們不可以光光聽道，更要行道。

    其實就講道的目的而言，是要聽眾遵行上帝旨意，或是主耶穌的教導。正如主耶穌大使命中所說：『凡我所吩咐的，都要教導他們去遵守。』

    信仰不是空談，我們是在「做」神學，要有實際行動，好樹必定結好果子，因為這是上帝之作為。

約翰福音15:3

現在你們因我講給你們的道，已經乾淨了。

Already you are clean because of the word that I have spoken to you. 

*************

    主的話或主的道有潔淨的功能，正如主耶穌在這裡所說的話：『現在你們因我講給你們的道，已經乾淨了。』

    也因為如此，「講道」是必要的。藉由「講道」宣揚上帝的話，使弟兄姐妹的心，得著潔淨，討上帝的喜歡，並行在光明中。

    當然，我們除了聽道之外，也要常常閱讀聖經，讓上帝直接對我們說話，使我們生命永保清潔。

詩篇45:2

你比世人更美，在你嘴裏滿有恩惠；所以神賜福給你，直到永遠。

You are the most handsome of the sons of men;

 grace is poured upon your lips;

therefore God has blessed you forever.

************

    這段經文是描寫以色列的王，進而引申是指主耶穌。的確，主耶穌『比世人更美，在嘴裏滿有恩惠』。

    而這更讓我們想到主日禮拜的過程。主日禮拜是上帝與人相遇，因此人在禮拜中是要「看見耶穌基督」，因為耶穌基督是上帝和人之間的中保，也只有在基督裡，才可以有真實得上帝與人相遇的機會。也就是說，人要透過耶穌基督看見上帝。禮拜也就是要讓我們的服事，使人看見耶穌基督。

    所以，我們的禮拜不是要高舉人，不是誰禱告很好，講道很好，敬拜讚美很活潑，詩班唱得很好，…。不是看這些，這些若奪走了基督的光彩與榮耀，這些都是可咒可詛的。因為，敬拜的榮耀是要歸給主耶穌基督和天父上帝。

    因此，我們要小心我們的事奉，不要讓上帝給我們的恩典，變成榮耀自己，反倒讓自己失落於恩典之外。我們要求的是：『神賜福給我們，直到永遠』！

申命記4:32-49

4:32 「你且考察在你以前的世代，自上帝造人在世以來，從天這邊到天那邊，曾有何民聽見上帝在火中說話的聲音，像你聽見還能存活呢？這樣的大事何曾有、何曾聽見呢？
4:33 【併於上節】
4:34 上帝何曾從別的國中將一國的人民領出來，用試驗、神蹟、奇事、爭戰、大能的手，和伸出來的膀臂，並大可畏的事，像耶和華─你們的上帝在埃及，在你們眼前為你們所行的一切事呢？
4:35 這是顯給你看，要使你知道，惟有耶和華─他是上帝，除他以外，再無別神。
4:36 他從天上使你聽見他的聲音，為要教訓你，又在地上使你看見他的烈火，並且聽見他從火中所說的話。
4:37 因他愛你的列祖，所以揀選他們的後裔，用大能親自領你出了埃及，
4:38 要將比你強大的國民從你面前趕出，領你進去，將他們的地賜你為業，像今日一樣。
4:39 所以，今日你要知道，也要記在心上，天上地下惟有耶和華他是上帝，除他以外，再無別神。
4:40 我今日將他的律例誡命曉諭你，你要遵守，使你和你的子孫可以得福，並使你的日子在耶和華─你上帝所賜的地上得以長久。」
4:41 「那時，摩西在約旦河東，向日出之地，分定三座城，
4:42 使那素無仇恨、無心殺了人的，可以逃到這三城之中的一座城，就得存活：
4:43 為流便人分定曠野平原的比悉；為迦得人分定基列的拉末；為瑪拿西人分定巴珊的哥蘭。」
4:44 摩西在以色列人面前所陳明的律法─
4:45 就是摩西在以色列人出埃及後所傳給他們的法度、律例、典章；
4:46 在約旦河東伯‧毘珥對面的谷中，在住希實本、亞摩利王西宏之地；這西宏是摩西和以色列人出埃及後所擊殺的。
4:47 他們得了他的地，又得了巴珊王噩的地，就是兩個亞摩利王，在約旦河東向日出之地。
4:48 從亞嫩谷邊的亞羅珥，直到西雲山，就是黑門山。
4:49 還有約旦河東的全亞拉巴，直到亞拉巴海，靠近毘斯迦山根。

 ³² Ask now about the former days, long before your time, from the day God created human beings on the earth; ask from one end of the heavens to the other. Has anything so great as this ever happened, or has anything like it ever been heard of? ³³ Has any other people heard the voice of God speaking out of fire, as you have, and lived? ³⁴ Has any god ever tried to take for himself one nation out of another nation, by testings, by signs and wonders, by war, by a mighty hand and an outstretched arm, or by great and awesome deeds, like all the things the Lord your God did for you in Egypt before your very eyes?

³⁵ You were shown these things so that you might know that the Lord is God; besides him there is no other. ³⁶ From heaven he made you hear his voice to discipline you. On earth he showed you his great fire, and you heard his words from out of the fire. ³⁷ Because he loved your ancestors and chose their descendants after them, he brought you out of Egypt by his Presence and his great strength, ³⁸ to drive out before you nations greater and stronger than you and to bring you into their land to give it to you for your inheritance, as it is today.

³⁹ Acknowledge and take to heart this day that the Lord is God in heaven above and on the earth below. There is no other. ⁴⁰ Keep his decrees and commands, which I am giving you today, so that it may go well with you and your children after you and that you may live long in the land the Lord your God gives you for all time.

⁴¹ Then Moses set aside three cities east of the Jordan, ⁴² to which anyone who had killed a person could flee if they had unintentionally killed a neighbor without malice aforethought. They could flee into one of these cities and save their life. ⁴³ The cities were these: Bezer in the wilderness plateau, for the Reubenites; Ramoth in Gilead, for the Gadites; and Golan in Bashan, for the Manassites.

⁴⁴ This is the law Moses set before the Israelites. ⁴⁵ These are the stipulations, decrees and laws Moses gave them when they came out of Egypt ⁴⁶ and were in the valley near Beth Peor east of the Jordan, in the land of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon and was defeated by Moses and the Israelites as they came out of Egypt. ⁴⁷ They took possession of his land and the land of Og king of Bashan, the two Amorite kings east of the Jordan. ⁴⁸ This land extended from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Gorge to Mount Sirion^[b] (that is, Hermon), ⁴⁹ and included all the Arabah east of the Jordan, as far as the Dead Sea,^[c] below the slopes of Pisgah.

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    摩西在此介紹上帝的作為的時候，兩次說到：「惟有耶和華─他是上帝，除他以外，再無別神。」

    你是否這樣肯定「惟有耶和華─他是上帝，除他以外，再無別神」？

    對我們是耶穌基督的門徒和上帝的兒女，也要像以色列人這樣認定：「惟有耶和華─他是上帝，除他以外，再無別神」！

    也就是說，我們只有認定上帝是獨一真神，雖然我們是處於多神的環境，在我們的心中，只有認定為我們預備救恩的三一上帝為獨一的上帝，除祂以外沒有別的神！