出埃及記28:31-43

28:31 「你要做以弗得的外袍，顏色全是藍的。

28:32 袍上要為頭留一領口，口的周圍織出領邊來，彷彿鎧甲的領口，免得破裂。

28:33 袍子周圍底邊上要用藍色、紫色、朱紅色線做石榴。在袍子周圍的石榴中間要有金鈴鐺：

28:34 一個金鈴鐺一個石榴，一個金鈴鐺一個石榴，在袍子周圍的底邊上。

28:35 亞倫供職的時候要穿這袍子。他進聖所到耶和華面前，以及出來的時候，袍上的響聲必被聽見，使他不至於死亡。

28:36 「你要用精金做一面牌，在上面按刻圖書之法刻著『歸耶和華為聖』。

28:37 要用一條藍細帶子將牌繫在冠冕的前面。

28:38 這牌必在亞倫的額上，亞倫要擔當干犯聖物條例的罪孽；這聖物是以色列人在一切的聖禮物上所分別為聖的。這牌要常在他的額上，使他們可以在耶和華面前蒙悅納。

28:39 要用雜色細麻線織內袍，用細麻布做冠冕，又用繡花的手工做腰帶。

28:40 「你要為亞倫的兒子做內袍、腰帶、裹頭巾，為榮耀，為華美。

28:41 要把這些給你的哥哥亞倫和他的兒子穿戴，又要膏他們，將他們分別為聖，好給我供祭司的職分。

28:42 要給他們做細麻布褲子，遮掩下體；褲子當從腰達到大腿。

28:43 亞倫和他兒子進入會幕，或就近壇，在聖所供職的時候必穿上，免得擔罪而死。這要為亞倫和他的後裔作永遠的定例。」

31 “Make the robe of the ephod entirely of blue cloth, 32 with an opening for the head in its center. There shall be a woven edge like a collar[c] around this opening, so that it will not tear. 33 Make pomegranates of blue, purple and scarlet yarn around the hem of the robe, with gold bells between them. 34 The gold bells and the pomegranates are to alternate around the hem of the robe. 35 Aaron must wear it when he ministers. The sound of the bells will be heard when he enters the Holy Place before the Lord and when he comes out, so that he will not die.

36 “Make a plate of pure gold and engrave on it as on a seal: holy to the Lord. 37 Fasten a blue cord to it to attach it to the turban; it is to be on the front of the turban. 38 It will be on Aaron’s forehead, and he will bear the guilt involved in the sacred gifts the Israelites consecrate, whatever their gifts may be. It will be on Aaron’s forehead continually so that they will be acceptable to the Lord.

39 “Weave the tunic of fine linen and make the turban of fine linen. The sash is to be the work of an embroiderer. 40 Make tunics, sashes and caps for Aaron’s sons to give them dignity and honor. 41 After you put these clothes on your brother Aaron and his sons, anoint and ordain them. Consecrate them so they may serve me as priests.

42 “Make linen undergarments as a covering for the body, reaching from the waist to the thigh. 43 Aaron and his sons must wear them whenever they enter the tent of meeting or approach the altar to minister in the Holy Place, so that they will not incur guilt and die.

“This is to be a lasting ordinance for Aaron and his descendants.

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    說到祭司的衣服，讓我們想到有罪的人怎能服事上帝呢﹖不是靠我們做什麼，而是需要外面的遮蓋，就像祭司需要衣服來遮蓋一樣，我們需要基督的遮蓋，正如保羅所說：「你們受洗歸入基督的都是披戴基督了。」(加拉太書3:27)

    既然我們有這樣的認識，我們必須以感恩的心來到上帝的面前，憑信心相信：要不是耶穌基督的保護與拯救，我們是不配成為上帝的兒女，也不能做有君尊的祭司，這不是我們敬虔換來的！

    反過來我們要因為自己蒙這樣的恩典，來感謝主定歸榮耀給上帝，要益發敬虔來感謝上帝如此的恩典，因為上帝的恩典時在浩大！

出埃及記28:15-30

28:15 「你要用巧匠的手工做一個決斷的胸牌。要和以弗得一樣的做法：用金線和藍色、紫色、朱紅色線，並撚的細麻做成。

28:16 這胸牌要四方的，疊為兩層，長一虎口，寬一虎口。

28:17 要在上面鑲寶石四行：第一行是紅寶石、紅璧璽、紅玉；

28:18 第二行是綠寶石、藍寶石、金鋼石；

28:19 第三行是紫瑪瑙、白瑪瑙、紫晶；

28:20 第四行是水蒼玉、紅瑪瑙、碧玉。這都要鑲在金槽中。

28:21 這些寶石都要按著以色列十二個兒子的名字，彷彿刻圖書，刻十二個支派的名字。

28:22 要在胸牌上用精金擰成如繩的鍊子。

28:23 在胸牌上也要做兩個金環，安在胸牌的兩頭。

28:24 要把那兩條擰成的金鍊子，穿過胸牌兩頭的環子。

28:25 又要把鍊子的那兩頭接在兩槽上，安在以弗得前面肩帶上。

28:26 要做兩個金環，安在胸牌的兩頭，在以弗得裡面的邊上。

28:27 又要做兩個金環，安在以弗得前面兩條肩帶的下邊，挨近相接之處，在以弗得巧工織的帶子以上。

28:28 要用藍細帶子把胸牌的環子與以弗得的環子繫住，使胸牌貼在以弗得巧工織的帶子上，不可與以弗得離縫。

28:29 亞倫進聖所的時候，要將決斷胸牌，就是刻著以色列兒子名字的，帶在胸前，在耶和華面前常作紀念。

28:30 又要將烏陵和土明放在決斷的胸牌裡；亞倫進到耶和華面前的時候，要帶在胸前，在耶和華面前常將以色列人的決斷牌帶在胸前。」

15 “Fashion a breastpiece for making decisions—the work of skilled hands. Make it like the ephod: of gold, and of blue, purple and scarlet yarn, and of finely twisted linen. 16 It is to be square—a span[a] long and a span wide—and folded double. 17 Then mount four rows of precious stones on it. The first row shall be carnelian, chrysolite and beryl; 18 the second row shall be turquoise, lapis lazuli and emerald; 19 the third row shall be jacinth, agate and amethyst; 20 the fourth row shall be topaz, onyx and jasper.[b] Mount them in gold filigree settings. 21 There are to be twelve stones, one for each of the names of the sons of Israel, each engraved like a seal with the name of one of the twelve tribes.

22 “For the breastpiece make braided chains of pure gold, like a rope. 23 Make two gold rings for it and fasten them to two corners of the breastpiece. 24 Fasten the two gold chains to the rings at the corners of the breastpiece, 25 and the other ends of the chains to the two settings, attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front. 26 Make two gold rings and attach them to the other two corners of the breastpiece on the inside edge next to the ephod. 27 Make two more gold rings and attach them to the bottom of the shoulder pieces on the front of the ephod, close to the seam just above the waistband of the ephod. 28 The rings of the breastpiece are to be tied to the rings of the ephod with blue cord, connecting it to the waistband, so that the breastpiece will not swing out from the ephod.

29 “Whenever Aaron enters the Holy Place, he will bear the names of the sons of Israel over his heart on the breastpiece of decision as a continuing memorial before the Lord. 30 Also put the Urim and the Thummim in the breastpiece, so they may be over Aaron’s heart whenever he enters the presence of the Lord. Thus Aaron will always bear the means of making decisions for the Israelites over his heart before the Lord.

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    以弗得除了有披肩，還有胸牌，而關於胸牌，29-30節的敘述很重要，我們一起來誦讀：「亞倫進聖所的時候，要將決斷胸牌，就是刻著以色列兒子名字的，帶在胸前，在耶和華面前常作紀念。又要將烏陵和土明放在決斷的胸牌裡；亞倫進到耶和華面前的時候，要帶在胸前，在耶和華面前常將以色列人的決斷牌帶在胸前。」

    說到「烏陵和土明」，是音譯與原文發音很接近。分別來了解其意義，「烏陵」是「眾光」的意思，是有數個小石頭。「土明」是完美的意思，也是數個小石頭。這兩種石頭互相配合，就可以讓人明白上帝的心意。「烏陵和土明」和台灣民間宗教的擲筊和抽籤詩是不太一樣，差別在於上帝賦予祭司可依按照上帝在人心中的啟示說明，而非隨機性的作為。雖然新約有用抽籤的行為，那也是聖靈的引導。

    這也就是說明，基督信仰是按照憑據行事，不是按照隨機或命運行事。這兩者最大的差異是相信上帝的引導，也確信上帝賜給人靈明來斷事，人也應該積極去明白上帝的話語和尋求聖靈引導，來創造自己美好的人生，而不是怪到時機和命運。

出埃及記28:6-14

28:6 「他們要拿金線和藍色、紫色、朱紅色線，並撚的細麻，用巧匠的手工做以弗得。

28:7 以弗得當有兩條肩帶，接上兩頭，使它相連。

28:8 其上巧工織的帶子，要和以弗得一樣的做法，用以束上，與以弗得接連一塊，要用金線和藍色、紫色、朱紅色線，並撚的細麻做成。

28:9 要取兩塊紅瑪瑙，在上面刻以色列兒子的名字：

28:10 六個名字在這塊寶石上，六個名字在那塊寶石上，都照他們生來的次序。

28:11 要用刻寶石的手工，彷彿刻圖書，按著以色列兒子的名字，刻這兩塊寶石，要鑲在金槽上。

28:12 要將這兩塊寶石安在以弗得的兩條肩帶上，為以色列人做紀念石。亞倫要在兩肩上擔他們的名字，在耶和華面前作為紀念。

28:13 要用金子做二槽，

28:14 又拿精金，用擰工彷彿擰繩子，做兩條鍊子，把這擰成的鍊子搭在二槽上。」

6 “Make the ephod of gold, and of blue, purple and scarlet yarn, and of finely twisted linen—the work of skilled hands. 7 It is to have two shoulder pieces attached to two of its corners, so it can be fastened. 8 Its skillfully woven waistband is to be like it—of one piece with the ephod and made with gold, and with blue, purple and scarlet yarn, and with finely twisted linen.

9 “Take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of the sons of Israel 10 in the order of their birth—six names on one stone and the remaining six on the other. 11 Engrave the names of the sons of Israel on the two stones the way a gem cutter engraves a seal. Then mount the stones in gold filigree settings 12 and fasten them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the sons of Israel. Aaron is to bear the names on his shoulders as a memorial before the Lord. 13 Make gold filigree settings 14 and two braided chains of pure gold, like a rope, and attach the chains to the settings.

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    祭司的衣服稱為「以弗得」，而在這裡的以弗得是為大祭司預備的，用的材料十分特殊，是拿金線和藍色、紫色、朱紅色線，並撚的細麻，用巧匠的手工來做。

    不僅如此還有更特別的，就是有寶石在上面的肩帶，正如12節所說：「要將這兩塊寶石安在以弗得的兩條肩帶上，為以色列人做紀念石。亞倫要在兩肩上擔他們的名字，在耶和華面前作為紀念」。這也告訴我們，大祭司所扮演的角色與地位是和等的重要，要肩負著上帝所有的子民！

    同樣今日上帝揀選我們成為祂的兒女，也賦予我們重要的職分，如使徒彼得所說：「惟有你們是被揀選的族類，是有君尊的祭司，是聖潔的國度，是屬上帝的子民，要叫你們宣揚那召你們出黑暗入奇妙光明者的美德。」(彼得前書2:9)

    求主保守我們的心懷意念，不要忘記我們也是肩負使命的人，不是求自己溫飽或興盛，更是求主幫助，讓我們成為祭司來代表上帝，傳達上帝的心意，更是藉由代禱肩負上帝所交託我們關心與牧養的人，因為我們是有君尊的祭司！