2020年12月17日 星期四

馬太福音3:13-17

 


3:13 當下,耶穌從加利利來到約旦河,見了約翰,要受他的洗。

3:14 約翰想要攔住他,說:「我當受你的洗,你反倒上我這裡來嗎?」

3:15 耶穌回答說:「你暫且許我,因為我們理當這樣盡諸般的義(或譯:禮)。」於是約翰許了他。

3:16 耶穌受了洗,隨即從水裡上來。天忽然為他開了,他就看見上帝的靈彷彿鴿子降下,落在他身上。

3:17 從天上有聲音說:「這是我的愛子,我所喜悅的。」

 

13 Then Jesus came from Galilee to the Jordan to be baptized by John. 14 But John tried to deter him, saying, “I need to be baptized by you, and do you come to me?”

 

15 Jesus replied, “Let it be so now; it is proper for us to do this to fulfill all righteousness.” Then John consented.

 

16 As soon as Jesus was baptized, he went up out of the water. At that moment heaven was opened, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting on him. 17 And a voice from heaven said, “This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased.”

 

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    耶穌基督的受洗讓我們覺得很特別祂既是上帝的兒子就已經潔淨了還需要受洗嗎

 

    讓我們先來思考猶太人洗禮的意義:洗禮對猶太人是一種潔淨的禮儀,是猶太人遵照律法,洗滌全身或身體某一部位的禮儀。譬如,婦女在結婚前和月經之後,必須在淨身池淨身,受全身浸入水中之禮﹔猶太男人往往在安息日和主要節日到來之前在淨身池行淨身禮。猶太人也要求那些從別的信仰轉入猶太教的人行洗禮,把罪惡沾染污穢的身體洗淨。

 

    施洗約翰的洗是悔改的洗,猶太人是認識這種洗禮的,但沒有任何猶太人願意接受這種洗禮,因為他們自認是上帝選民中的一分子,又是亞伯拉罕的後裔,確有上帝救恩的猶太人,是不需要接受悔改的洗禮。約翰以一個猶太人的身份,宣講悔罪的洗禮,催促猶太人接受這個原為外邦人而設的洗禮,是有重大的意義。約翰認為猶太人在種族的意識上來說,並不是上帝的選民,他們其實與外邦人無異,也需要認罪悔改,歸向上帝。

 

    然而主耶穌並不需要受悔改的洗,但是他要成為悔改者的樣式,呼籲人要悔改來歸向上帝!正如祂本不用上十字架而死,卻是願意完成上帝的旨意,自己親自成為祭牲,來承擔世人的罪孽,使人透過祂可以得著上帝的赦免,成為上帝的兒女!這就是祂被動的順服,正如這裡所說:「我們理當這樣盡諸般的義!」

 

    當然耶穌基督被動順服的義,就是要讓上帝不再記念我們的罪!然而祂還有主動遵行律法的義,使律法義成就在我們身上,讓我們可以成為上帝聖潔的子民!

 

    我們要感謝主耶穌的主動與被動的順服,使我們因著耶穌基督一次的獻上,享受永恆的功效!正如希伯來書所說:「我們憑這旨意,靠耶穌基督,只一次獻上他的身體,就得以成聖。    因為他一次獻祭,便叫那得以成聖的人永遠完全。」(10:10,14)

 

 

2020年12月16日 星期三

彼 得 前 書 5:6-11

 

所 以 , 你 們 要 自 卑, 服 在 神 大 能 的 手 下 , 到 了 時 候 他 必 叫 你 們 升 高 。 你 們 要 將 一 切 的 憂 慮 卸 給 神 , 因 為 他 顧 念你 們 。 務 要 謹 守 , 儆 醒 。 因 為 你 們 的 仇 敵 魔 鬼 , 如 同 吼 叫 的 獅 子 , 遍 地 遊 行 , 尋 找 可 吞 吃 的人 。 你 們 要 用 堅 固 的 信 心 抵 擋 他 , 因 為 知 道 你 們 在 世 上 的 眾 弟 兄 也 是 經 歷 這 樣 的 苦 難 。 那 賜諸 般 恩 典 的 神 曾 在 基 督 裡 召 你 們 , 得 享 他 永 遠 的 榮 耀 , 等 你 們 暫 受 苦 難 之 後 , 必 要 親 自 成 全你 們 , 堅 固 你 們 , 賜 力 量 給 你 們 。 願 權 能 歸 給 他 , 直 到 永 永 遠 遠 。 阿 們 !

6Humble yourselves, therefore, under God’s mighty hand, that he may lift you up in due time. 7Cast all your anxiety on him because he cares for you.

    8Be self-controlled and alert. Your enemy the devil prowls around like a roaring lion looking for someone to devour. 9Resist him, standing firm in the faith, because you know that your brothers throughout the world are undergoing the same kind of sufferings.

    10And the God of all grace, who called you to his eternal glory in Christ, after you have suffered a little while, will himself restore you and make you strong, firm and steadfast. 11To him be the power for ever and ever. Amen. 

 

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    信心」所帶來的果效是超越我們的想像,正如彼得在此所說:「那賜諸般恩典的上帝,曾在基督裏召你們,得享他永遠的榮耀;等你們暫受苦難之後,必要親自成全你們,堅固你們,賜力量給你們。」

 

    彼得這段話對在苦難中之弟兄姐妹,有很大之激勵作用。這和「積極思考」的說法完全不同。「積極思考」是一種自我催眠,去激發自己的潛意識,是靠「自我」潛在之力量,這力量被吹噓得很大。可是,話說回來,仍然是以「自我為中心」,仍然是「罪性」之表現,仍然是抵擋上帝。所以基督徒要拒絕之,不要受其影響。

 

    另外,還有「基督徒式的積極思考」,也就是「成功神學」。新竹聖經學院院長林瑞隆說:『用極簡單的定義來看,「成功神學」可以說是站在信仰的土地上,卻以某種特殊的眼光、態度和瞭解看待「成功」或「成就」這一件事;或是說,以基督徒的立場,混雜著俗世普遍流行「以成敗論英雄」的社會價值觀,來看信仰的實在問題。例如,純粹從外表方面去斷定一位基督徒在事業、財富、生活、個人雄心大志上的成功便是上帝的祝福,進而推斷他的信仰是美好且毋須質疑的;或是認定一位傳道人在牧會上的傲人成就(例如位居要職、有高地位,或牧養之教會的大規模、大數據等)是上帝的祝福,無疑也是上帝所喜悅的僕人,因此他的信仰必定是值得敬重與效法的;進而判斷那些未達一定之成功標準或成就的傳道人或甚至失敗者,他們的表現是一種不榮耀上帝或受詛咒之事,當然也就沒有什麼信仰上的見證價值和效力。因此,唯有成功才是上主所喜悅的,失敗者則顯然有負上主的期待和恩典。由這個信念開始,逐漸衍生出鼓勵信徒極力追求成功,甚至推衍出唯有成功才有信仰見證的結論來。』

 

    所以講求「成功神學」常常是認為基督徒要在社會上有地位、擁有許多財富、有許多的跟隨者,展現影響力,使許多人因為他而到教會。認為教會要有先進之科技設備、富麗堂皇、會友眾多,許多問題到這裡都可以解決,可以獲得幫助,讓人進來就覺得沒有苦難、沒有問題!

 

    當然,我並不是要攻擊「成功神學」。但是,我們要接受,基督徒也會失敗、貧窮、遇到苦難、受到傷害、也會悲傷、也會軟弱、也會有憂愁、也會哭泣、無助、……等消極之狀態。在這種狀況,我們要像彼得所言:「所以,你們要自卑,服在上帝大能的手下,到了時候,他必叫你們升高。你們要將一切的憂慮卸給上帝,因為他顧念你們。務要謹守,儆醒,因為你們的仇敵魔鬼,如同吼叫的獅子,遍地遊行,尋找可吞吃的人。你們要用堅固的信心抵擋他,因為知道你們在世上的眾弟兄也是經歷這樣的苦難。」

 

    所以基督徒經歷苦難,要看為正常的事。更何況,教會要與廣大受苦的民眾站在一起,面對苦難。但是更重要的是要宣揚主所要賜的永恆之福樂。這絕對不是「心靈之鴉片煙」,是上帝真實之應許。也因為這是上帝之作為,所以彼得以過來人之經驗宣告:『那賜諸般恩典的上帝,曾在基督裏召你們,得享他永遠的榮耀;等你們暫受苦難之後,必要親自成全你們,堅固你們,賜力量給你們。』

 

    所以上帝如此美好的應許必臨到我們這靠著「上帝所賜的信心」享受上帝恩典的人。

 

 

列王紀上7章

   列王紀上7:1-51   ,

列王紀上7:1-51

 


7:1 所羅門為自己建造宮室,十三年方才造成;
7:2
又建造黎巴嫩林宮,長一百肘,寬五十肘,高三十肘,有香柏木柱三(原文是四)行,柱上有香柏木柁樑。
7:3
其上以香柏木為蓋,每行柱子十五根,共有四十五根。
7:4
有窗戶三層,窗與窗相對。
7:5
所有的門框都是厚木見方的,有窗戶三層,窗與窗相對。
7:6
並建造有柱子的廊子,長五十肘,寬三十肘;在這廊前又有廊子,廊外有柱子和臺階。
7:7
又建造一廊,其中設立審判的座位,這廊從地到頂都用香柏木遮蔽。
7:8
廊後院內有所羅門住的宮室;工作與這工作相同。所羅門又為所娶法老的女兒建造一宮,做法與這廊子一樣。
7:9
建造這一切所用的石頭都是寶貴的,是按著尺寸鑿成的,是用鋸裡外鋸齊的;從根基直到檐石,從外頭直到大院,都是如此。
7:10
根基是寶貴的大石頭,有長十肘的,有長八肘的;
7:11
上面有香柏木和按著尺寸鑿成寶貴的石頭。
7:12
大院周圍有鑿成的石頭三層、香柏木一層,都照耶和華殿的內院和殿廊的樣式。
7:13
所羅門王差遣人往泰爾去,將戶蘭召了來。
7:14
他是拿弗他利支派中一個寡婦的兒子,他父親是泰爾人,作銅匠的。戶蘭滿有智慧、聰明、技能,善於各樣銅作。他來到所羅門王那裡,做王一切所要做的。
7:15
他製造兩根銅柱,每根高十八肘,圍十二肘;
7:16
又用銅鑄了兩個柱頂安在柱上,各高五肘。
7:17
柱頂上有裝修的網子和擰成的鍊索,每頂七個。
7:18
網子周圍有兩行石榴遮蓋柱頂,兩個柱頂都是如此。
7:19
廊子的柱頂徑四肘,刻著百合花。
7:20
兩柱頂的鼓肚上挨著網子,各有兩行石榴環繞,兩行共有二百。
7:21
他將兩根柱子立在殿廊前頭:右邊立一根,起名叫雅斤;左邊立一根,起名叫波阿斯。
7:22
在柱頂上刻著百合花。這樣,造柱子的工就完畢了。
7:23
他又鑄一個銅海,樣式是圓的,高五肘,徑十肘,圍三十肘。
7:24
在海邊之下,周圍有野瓜的樣式;每肘十瓜,共有兩行,是鑄海的時候鑄上的。
7:25
有十二隻銅牛馱海:三隻向北,三隻向西,三隻向南,三隻向東;海在牛上,牛尾都向內。
7:26
海厚一掌,邊如杯邊,又如百合花,可容二千罷特。
7:27
他用銅製造十個盆座,每座長四肘,寬四肘,高三肘。
7:28
座的造法是這樣:四面都有心子,心子在邊子當中,
7:29
心子上有獅子和牛,並基路伯;邊上有小座,獅子和牛以下有垂下的瓔珞。
7:30
每盆座有四個銅輪和銅軸。小座的四角上在盆以下,有鑄成的盆架,其旁都有瓔珞。
7:31
小座高一肘,口是圓的,彷彿座的樣式,徑一肘半,在口上有雕工,心子是方的,不是圓的。
7:32
四個輪子在心子以下,輪軸與座相連,每輪高一肘半。
7:33
輪的樣式如同車輪;軸、輞、輻、轂都是鑄的。
7:34
每座四角上都有盆架,是與座一同鑄成的。
7:35
座上有圓架,高半肘;座上有撐子和心子,是與座一同鑄的。
7:36
在撐子和心子上刻著基路伯、獅子,和棕樹,周圍有瓔珞。
7:37
十個盆座都是這樣,鑄法、尺寸、樣式相同。
7:38
又用銅製造十個盆,每盆可容四十罷特。盆徑四肘,在那十座上,每座安設一盆。
7:39
五個安在殿門的右邊,五個放在殿門的左邊;又將海放在殿門的右旁,就是南邊。
7:40
戶蘭又造了盆、鏟子,和盤子。這樣,他為所羅門王做完了耶和華殿的一切工。
7:41
所造的就是:兩根柱子和柱上兩個如球的頂;並兩個蓋柱頂的網子;
7:42
和四百石榴,安在兩個網子上,每網兩行,蓋著兩個柱上如球的頂;
7:43
十個座和其上的十個盆;
7:44
海和海下的十二隻牛;
7:45
盆、鏟子、盤子。這一切都是戶蘭給所羅門王用光亮的銅為耶和華的殿造成的,
7:46
是遵王命在約旦平原、疏割和撒拉但中間藉膠泥鑄成的。
7:47
這一切所羅門都沒有過秤;因為甚多,銅的輕重也無法可查。
7:48
所羅門又造耶和華殿裡的金壇和陳設餅的金桌子;
7:49
內殿前的精金燈臺:右邊五個,左邊五個,並其上的金花、燈盞、蠟剪,
7:50
與精金的杯、盤、鑷子、調羹、火鼎,以及至聖所、內殿的門樞,和外殿的門樞。
7:51
所羅門王做完了耶和華殿的一切工,就把他父大衛分別為聖的金銀和器皿都帶來放在耶和華殿的府庫裡。

 

 It took Solomon thirteen years, however, to complete the construction of his palace. He built the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon a hundred cubits long, fifty wide and thirty high,[a] with four rows of cedar columns supporting trimmed cedar beams. It was roofed with cedar above the beams that rested on the columns—forty-five beams, fifteen to a row. Its windows were placed high in sets of three, facing each other. All the doorways had rectangular frames; they were in the front part in sets of three, facing each other.[b]

He made a colonnade fifty cubits long and thirty wide.[c] In front of it was a portico, and in front of that were pillars and an overhanging roof.

He built the throne hall, the Hall of Justice, where he was to judge, and he covered it with cedar from floor to ceiling.[d] And the palace in which he was to live, set farther back, was similar in design. Solomon also made a palace like this hall for Pharaoh’s daughter, whom he had married.

All these structures, from the outside to the great courtyard and from foundation to eaves, were made of blocks of high-grade stone cut to size and smoothed on their inner and outer faces. 10 The foundations were laid with large stones of good quality, some measuring ten cubits[e] and some eight.[f] 11 Above were high-grade stones, cut to size, and cedar beams. 12 The great courtyard was surrounded by a wall of three courses of dressed stone and one course of trimmed cedar beams, as was the inner courtyard of the temple of the Lord with its portico.

13 King Solomon sent to Tyre and brought Huram,[g] 14 whose mother was a widow from the tribe of Naphtali and whose father was from Tyre and a skilled craftsman in bronze. Huram was filled with wisdom, with understanding and with knowledge to do all kinds of bronze work. He came to King Solomon and did all the work assigned to him.

15 He cast two bronze pillars, each eighteen cubits high and twelve cubits in circumference.[h] 16 He also made two capitals of cast bronze to set on the tops of the pillars; each capital was five cubits[i] high. 17 A network of interwoven chains adorned the capitals on top of the pillars, seven for each capital. 18 He made pomegranates in two rows[j] encircling each network to decorate the capitals on top of the pillars.[k] He did the same for each capital. 19 The capitals on top of the pillars in the portico were in the shape of lilies, four cubits[l] high. 20 On the capitals of both pillars, above the bowl-shaped part next to the network, were the two hundred pomegranates in rows all around. 21 He erected the pillars at the portico of the temple. The pillar to the south he named Jakin[m] and the one to the north Boaz.[n] 22 The capitals on top were in the shape of lilies. And so the work on the pillars was completed.

23 He made the Sea of cast metal, circular in shape, measuring ten cubits from rim to rim and five cubits high. It took a line of thirty cubits[o] to measure around it. 24 Below the rim, gourds encircled it—ten to a cubit. The gourds were cast in two rows in one piece with the Sea.

25 The Sea stood on twelve bulls, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south and three facing east. The Sea rested on top of them, and their hindquarters were toward the center. 26 It was a handbreadth[p] in thickness, and its rim was like the rim of a cup, like a lily blossom. It held two thousand baths.[q]

27 He also made ten movable stands of bronze; each was four cubits long, four wide and three high.[r] 28 This is how the stands were made: They had side panels attached to uprights. 29 On the panels between the uprights were lions, bulls and cherubim—and on the uprights as well. Above and below the lions and bulls were wreaths of hammered work. 30 Each stand had four bronze wheels with bronze axles, and each had a basin resting on four supports, cast with wreaths on each side. 31 On the inside of the stand there was an opening that had a circular frame one cubit[s] deep. This opening was round, and with its basework it measured a cubit and a half.[t] Around its opening there was engraving. The panels of the stands were square, not round. 32 The four wheels were under the panels, and the axles of the wheels were attached to the stand. The diameter of each wheel was a cubit and a half. 33 The wheels were made like chariot wheels; the axles, rims, spokes and hubs were all of cast metal.

34 Each stand had four handles, one on each corner, projecting from the stand. 35 At the top of the stand there was a circular band half a cubit[u] deep. The supports and panels were attached to the top of the stand. 36 He engraved cherubim, lions and palm trees on the surfaces of the supports and on the panels, in every available space, with wreaths all around. 37 This is the way he made the ten stands. They were all cast in the same molds and were identical in size and shape.

38 He then made ten bronze basins, each holding forty baths[v] and measuring four cubits across, one basin to go on each of the ten stands. 39 He placed five of the stands on the south side of the temple and five on the north. He placed the Sea on the south side, at the southeast corner of the temple. 40 He also made the pots[w] and shovels and sprinkling bowls.

So Huram finished all the work he had undertaken for King Solomon in the temple of the Lord:

41 the two pillars;

the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars;

the two sets of network decorating the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars;

42 the four hundred pomegranates for the two sets of network (two rows of pomegranates for each network decorating the bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars);

43 the ten stands with their ten basins;

44 the Sea and the twelve bulls under it;

45 the pots, shovels and sprinkling bowls.

All these objects that Huram made for King Solomon for the temple of the Lord were of burnished bronze. 46 The king had them cast in clay molds in the plain of the Jordan between Sukkoth and Zarethan. 47 Solomon left all these things unweighed, because there were so many; the weight of the bronze was not determined.

48 Solomon also made all the furnishings that were in the Lord’s temple:

the golden altar;

the golden table on which was the bread of the Presence;

49 the lampstands of pure gold (five on the right and five on the left, in front of the inner sanctuary);

the gold floral work and lamps and tongs;

50 the pure gold basins, wick trimmers, sprinkling bowls, dishes and censers;

and the gold sockets for the doors of the innermost room, the Most Holy Place, and also for the doors of the main hall of the temple.

51 When all the work King Solomon had done for the temple of the Lord was finished, he brought in the things his father David had dedicated—the silver and gold and the furnishings—and he placed them in the treasuries of the Lord’s temple.

 

********

 

     所羅門建造王宮和聖殿。建造聖殿完全是照上帝的心意完成!

 

    但是這一切有帶給所羅門真正的幸福嗎?當然沒有!不然怎麼會有《傳道書》的寫作:「在耶路撒冷作王、大衛的兒子、傳道者的言語。傳道者說:虛空的虛空,虛空的虛空,凡事都是虛空。人一切的勞碌,就是他在日光之下的勞碌,有甚麼益處呢?」(1:1-3)

 

    然而使徒約翰受聖靈感動告訴我們:「這世界和其上的情慾都要過去,惟獨遵行上帝旨意的,是永遠常存。」(約翰一書2:17)

 

    然而使徒彼得說了一句最重要的話:「主啊,你有永生之道,我們還歸從誰呢?我們已經信了,又知道你是上帝的聖者。」(約翰福音6:68-69)

 

    讓我們透過耶穌基督享受永生之福,就比所羅門王更有榮耀了!

 

 

 

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