78:1 （亞薩的訓誨詩。）我的民哪，你們要留心聽我的訓誨，側耳聽我口中的話。
78:2 我要開口說比喻；我要說出古時的謎語，
78:3 是我們所聽見、所知道的，也是我們的祖宗告訴我們的。
78:4 我們不將這些事向他們的子孫隱瞞，要將耶和華的美德和他的能力，並他奇妙的作為，述說給後代聽。
78:5 因為，他在雅各中立法度，在以色列中設律法；是他吩咐我們祖宗要傳給子孫的，
78:6 使將要生的後代子孫可以曉得；他們也要起來告訴他們的子孫，
78:7 好叫他們仰望上帝，不忘記上帝的作為，惟要守他的命令。
78:8 不要像他們的祖宗，是頑梗悖逆、居心不正之輩，向著上帝，心不誠實。
78:9 以法蓮的子孫帶著兵器，拿著弓，臨陣之日轉身退後。
78:10 他們不遵守上帝的約，不肯照他的律法行；
78:11 又忘記他所行的和他顯給他們奇妙的作為。
78:12 他在埃及地，在瑣安田，在他們祖宗的眼前施行奇事。
78:13 他將海分裂，使他們過去，又叫水立起如壘。
78:14 他白日用雲彩，終夜用火光引導他們。
78:15 他在曠野分裂磐石，多多地給他們水喝，如從深淵而出。
78:16 他使水從磐石湧出，叫水如江河下流。
78:17 他們卻仍舊得罪他，在乾燥之地悖逆至高者。
78:18 他們心中試探上帝，隨自己所欲的求食物，
78:19 並且妄論上帝說：上帝在曠野豈能擺設筵席嗎？
78:20 他曾擊打磐石，使水湧出，成了江河；他還能賜糧食嗎？還能為他的百姓預備肉嗎？
78:21 所以，耶和華聽見就發怒；有烈火向雅各燒起；有怒氣向以色列上騰；
78:22 因為他們不信服上帝，不倚賴他的救恩。
78:23 他卻吩咐天空，又敞開天上的門，
78:24 降嗎哪，像雨給他們吃，將天上的糧食賜給他們。
78:25 各人（或譯：人）吃大能者的食物；他賜下糧食，使他們飽足。
78:26 他領東風起在天空，又用能力引了南風來。
78:27 他降肉，像雨在他們當中，多如塵土，又降飛鳥，多如海沙，
78:28 落在他們的營中，在他們住處的四面。
78:29 他們吃了，而且飽足；這樣就隨了他們所欲的。
78:30 他們貪而無厭，食物還在他們口中的時候，
78:31 上帝的怒氣就向他們上騰，殺了他們內中的肥壯人，打倒以色列的少年人。
78:32 雖是這樣，他們仍舊犯罪，不信他奇妙的作為。
78:33 因此，他叫他們的日子全歸虛空，叫他們的年歲盡屬驚恐。
78:34 他殺他們的時候，他們才求問他，回心轉意，切切地尋求上帝。
78:35 他們也追念上帝是他們的磐石，至高的上帝是他們的救贖主。
78:36 他們卻用口諂媚他，用舌向他說謊。
78:37 因他們的心向他不正，在他的約上也不忠心。
78:38 但他有憐憫，赦免他們的罪孽，不滅絕他們，而且屢次消他的怒氣，不發盡他的忿怒。
78:39 他想到他們不過是血氣，是一陣去而不返的風。
78:40 他們在曠野悖逆他，在荒地叫他擔憂，何其多呢！
78:41 他們再三試探上帝，惹動以色列的聖者。
78:42 他們不追念他的能力（原文是手）和贖他們脫離敵人的日子；
78:43 他怎樣在埃及地顯神蹟，在瑣安田顯奇事，
78:44 把他們的江河並河汊的水都變為血，使他們不能喝。
78:45 他叫蒼蠅成群落在他們當中，嘬盡他們，又叫青蛙滅了他們，
78:46 把他們的土產交給螞蚱，把他們辛苦得來的交給蝗蟲。
78:47 他降冰雹打壞他們的葡萄樹，下嚴霜打壞他們的桑樹，
78:48 又把他們的牲畜交給冰雹，把他們的群畜交給閃電。
78:49 他使猛烈的怒氣和忿怒、惱恨、苦難成了一群降災的使者，臨到他們。
78:50 他為自己的怒氣修平了路，將他們交給瘟疫，使他們死亡，
78:51 在埃及擊殺一切長子，在含的帳棚中擊殺他們強壯時頭生的。
78:52 他卻領出自己的民如羊，在曠野引他們如羊群。
78:53 他領他們穩穩妥妥地，使他們不致害怕；海卻淹沒他們的仇敵。
78:54 他帶他們到自己聖地的邊界，到他右手所得的這山地。
78:55 他在他們面前趕出外邦人，用繩子將外邦的地量給他們為業，叫以色列支派的人住在他們的帳棚裡。
78:56 他們仍舊試探、悖逆至高的上帝，不守他的法度，
78:57 反倒退後，行詭詐，像他們的祖宗一樣；他們改變，如同翻背的弓。
78:58 因他們的邱壇惹了他的怒氣；因他們雕刻的偶像觸動他的憤恨。
78:59 上帝聽見就發怒，極其憎惡以色列人。
78:60 甚至他離棄示羅的帳幕，就是他在人間所搭的帳棚；
78:61 又將他的約櫃（原文是能力）交與人擄去，將他的榮耀交在敵人手中；
78:62 並將他的百姓交與刀劍，向他的產業發怒。
78:63 少年人被火燒滅；處女也無喜歌。
78:64 祭司倒在刀下，寡婦卻不哀哭。
78:65 那時，主像世人睡醒，像勇士飲酒呼喊。
78:66 他就打退了他的敵人，叫他們永蒙羞辱；
78:67 並且他棄掉約瑟的帳棚，不揀選以法蓮支派，
78:68 卻揀選猶大支派─他所喜愛的錫安山；
78:69 蓋造他的聖所，好像高峰，又像他建立永存之地；
78:70 又揀選他的僕人大衛，從羊圈中將他召來，
78:71 叫他不再跟從那些帶奶的母羊，為要牧養自己的百姓雅各和自己的產業以色列。
78:72 於是，他按心中的純正牧養他們，用手中的巧妙引導他們。
78:2 我要開口說比喻；我要說出古時的謎語，
78:3 是我們所聽見、所知道的，也是我們的祖宗告訴我們的。
78:4 我們不將這些事向他們的子孫隱瞞，要將耶和華的美德和他的能力，並他奇妙的作為，述說給後代聽。
78:5 因為，他在雅各中立法度，在以色列中設律法；是他吩咐我們祖宗要傳給子孫的，
78:6 使將要生的後代子孫可以曉得；他們也要起來告訴他們的子孫，
78:7 好叫他們仰望上帝，不忘記上帝的作為，惟要守他的命令。
78:8 不要像他們的祖宗，是頑梗悖逆、居心不正之輩，向著上帝，心不誠實。
78:9 以法蓮的子孫帶著兵器，拿著弓，臨陣之日轉身退後。
78:10 他們不遵守上帝的約，不肯照他的律法行；
78:11 又忘記他所行的和他顯給他們奇妙的作為。
78:12 他在埃及地，在瑣安田，在他們祖宗的眼前施行奇事。
78:13 他將海分裂，使他們過去，又叫水立起如壘。
78:14 他白日用雲彩，終夜用火光引導他們。
78:15 他在曠野分裂磐石，多多地給他們水喝，如從深淵而出。
78:16 他使水從磐石湧出，叫水如江河下流。
78:17 他們卻仍舊得罪他，在乾燥之地悖逆至高者。
78:18 他們心中試探上帝，隨自己所欲的求食物，
78:19 並且妄論上帝說：上帝在曠野豈能擺設筵席嗎？
78:20 他曾擊打磐石，使水湧出，成了江河；他還能賜糧食嗎？還能為他的百姓預備肉嗎？
78:21 所以，耶和華聽見就發怒；有烈火向雅各燒起；有怒氣向以色列上騰；
78:22 因為他們不信服上帝，不倚賴他的救恩。
78:23 他卻吩咐天空，又敞開天上的門，
78:24 降嗎哪，像雨給他們吃，將天上的糧食賜給他們。
78:25 各人（或譯：人）吃大能者的食物；他賜下糧食，使他們飽足。
78:26 他領東風起在天空，又用能力引了南風來。
78:27 他降肉，像雨在他們當中，多如塵土，又降飛鳥，多如海沙，
78:28 落在他們的營中，在他們住處的四面。
78:29 他們吃了，而且飽足；這樣就隨了他們所欲的。
78:30 他們貪而無厭，食物還在他們口中的時候，
78:31 上帝的怒氣就向他們上騰，殺了他們內中的肥壯人，打倒以色列的少年人。
78:32 雖是這樣，他們仍舊犯罪，不信他奇妙的作為。
78:33 因此，他叫他們的日子全歸虛空，叫他們的年歲盡屬驚恐。
78:34 他殺他們的時候，他們才求問他，回心轉意，切切地尋求上帝。
78:35 他們也追念上帝是他們的磐石，至高的上帝是他們的救贖主。
78:36 他們卻用口諂媚他，用舌向他說謊。
78:37 因他們的心向他不正，在他的約上也不忠心。
78:38 但他有憐憫，赦免他們的罪孽，不滅絕他們，而且屢次消他的怒氣，不發盡他的忿怒。
78:39 他想到他們不過是血氣，是一陣去而不返的風。
78:40 他們在曠野悖逆他，在荒地叫他擔憂，何其多呢！
78:41 他們再三試探上帝，惹動以色列的聖者。
78:42 他們不追念他的能力（原文是手）和贖他們脫離敵人的日子；
78:43 他怎樣在埃及地顯神蹟，在瑣安田顯奇事，
78:44 把他們的江河並河汊的水都變為血，使他們不能喝。
78:45 他叫蒼蠅成群落在他們當中，嘬盡他們，又叫青蛙滅了他們，
78:46 把他們的土產交給螞蚱，把他們辛苦得來的交給蝗蟲。
78:47 他降冰雹打壞他們的葡萄樹，下嚴霜打壞他們的桑樹，
78:48 又把他們的牲畜交給冰雹，把他們的群畜交給閃電。
78:49 他使猛烈的怒氣和忿怒、惱恨、苦難成了一群降災的使者，臨到他們。
78:50 他為自己的怒氣修平了路，將他們交給瘟疫，使他們死亡，
78:51 在埃及擊殺一切長子，在含的帳棚中擊殺他們強壯時頭生的。
78:52 他卻領出自己的民如羊，在曠野引他們如羊群。
78:53 他領他們穩穩妥妥地，使他們不致害怕；海卻淹沒他們的仇敵。
78:54 他帶他們到自己聖地的邊界，到他右手所得的這山地。
78:55 他在他們面前趕出外邦人，用繩子將外邦的地量給他們為業，叫以色列支派的人住在他們的帳棚裡。
78:56 他們仍舊試探、悖逆至高的上帝，不守他的法度，
78:57 反倒退後，行詭詐，像他們的祖宗一樣；他們改變，如同翻背的弓。
78:58 因他們的邱壇惹了他的怒氣；因他們雕刻的偶像觸動他的憤恨。
78:59 上帝聽見就發怒，極其憎惡以色列人。
78:60 甚至他離棄示羅的帳幕，就是他在人間所搭的帳棚；
78:61 又將他的約櫃（原文是能力）交與人擄去，將他的榮耀交在敵人手中；
78:62 並將他的百姓交與刀劍，向他的產業發怒。
78:63 少年人被火燒滅；處女也無喜歌。
78:64 祭司倒在刀下，寡婦卻不哀哭。
78:65 那時，主像世人睡醒，像勇士飲酒呼喊。
78:66 他就打退了他的敵人，叫他們永蒙羞辱；
78:67 並且他棄掉約瑟的帳棚，不揀選以法蓮支派，
78:68 卻揀選猶大支派─他所喜愛的錫安山；
78:69 蓋造他的聖所，好像高峰，又像他建立永存之地；
78:70 又揀選他的僕人大衛，從羊圈中將他召來，
78:71 叫他不再跟從那些帶奶的母羊，為要牧養自己的百姓雅各和自己的產業以色列。
78:72 於是，他按心中的純正牧養他們，用手中的巧妙引導他們。
A maskil[a] of Asaph.
1 My
people, hear my teaching;
listen to the words of my mouth.
2 I will open my mouth with a parable;
I will utter hidden things, things from of old—
3 things we have heard and known,
things our ancestors have told us.
4 We will not hide them from their descendants;
we will tell the next generation
the praiseworthy deeds of the Lord,
his power, and the wonders he has done.
5 He decreed statutes for Jacob
and established the law in Israel,
which he commanded our ancestors
to teach their children,
6 so the next generation would know them,
even the children yet to be born,
and they in turn would tell their children.
7 Then they would put their trust in God
and would not forget his deeds
but would keep his commands.
8 They would not be like their ancestors—
a stubborn and rebellious generation,
whose hearts were not loyal to God,
whose spirits were not faithful to him.
listen to the words of my mouth.
2 I will open my mouth with a parable;
I will utter hidden things, things from of old—
3 things we have heard and known,
things our ancestors have told us.
4 We will not hide them from their descendants;
we will tell the next generation
the praiseworthy deeds of the Lord,
his power, and the wonders he has done.
5 He decreed statutes for Jacob
and established the law in Israel,
which he commanded our ancestors
to teach their children,
6 so the next generation would know them,
even the children yet to be born,
and they in turn would tell their children.
7 Then they would put their trust in God
and would not forget his deeds
but would keep his commands.
8 They would not be like their ancestors—
a stubborn and rebellious generation,
whose hearts were not loyal to God,
whose spirits were not faithful to him.
9 The
men of Ephraim, though armed with bows,
turned back on the day of battle;
10 they did not keep God’s covenant
and refused to live by his law.
11 They forgot what he had done,
the wonders he had shown them.
12 He did miracles in the sight of their ancestors
in the land of Egypt, in the region of Zoan.
13 He divided the sea and led them through;
he made the water stand up like a wall.
14 He guided them with the cloud by day
and with light from the fire all night.
15 He split the rocks in the wilderness
and gave them water as abundant as the seas;
16 he brought streams out of a rocky crag
and made water flow down like rivers.
turned back on the day of battle;
10 they did not keep God’s covenant
and refused to live by his law.
11 They forgot what he had done,
the wonders he had shown them.
12 He did miracles in the sight of their ancestors
in the land of Egypt, in the region of Zoan.
13 He divided the sea and led them through;
he made the water stand up like a wall.
14 He guided them with the cloud by day
and with light from the fire all night.
15 He split the rocks in the wilderness
and gave them water as abundant as the seas;
16 he brought streams out of a rocky crag
and made water flow down like rivers.
17 But
they continued to sin against him,
rebelling in the wilderness against the Most High.
18 They willfully put God to the test
by demanding the food they craved.
19 They spoke against God;
they said, “Can God really
spread a table in the wilderness?
20 True, he struck the rock,
and water gushed out,
streams flowed abundantly,
but can he also give us bread?
Can he supply meat for his people?”
21 When the Lord heard them, he was furious;
his fire broke out against Jacob,
and his wrath rose against Israel,
22 for they did not believe in God
or trust in his deliverance.
23 Yet he gave a command to the skies above
and opened the doors of the heavens;
24 he rained down manna for the people to eat,
he gave them the grain of heaven.
25 Human beings ate the bread of angels;
he sent them all the food they could eat.
26 He let loose the east wind from the heavens
and by his power made the south wind blow.
27 He rained meat down on them like dust,
birds like sand on the seashore.
28 He made them come down inside their camp,
all around their tents.
29 They ate till they were gorged—
he had given them what they craved.
30 But before they turned from what they craved,
even while the food was still in their mouths,
31 God’s anger rose against them;
he put to death the sturdiest among them,
cutting down the young men of Israel.
rebelling in the wilderness against the Most High.
18 They willfully put God to the test
by demanding the food they craved.
19 They spoke against God;
they said, “Can God really
spread a table in the wilderness?
20 True, he struck the rock,
and water gushed out,
streams flowed abundantly,
but can he also give us bread?
Can he supply meat for his people?”
21 When the Lord heard them, he was furious;
his fire broke out against Jacob,
and his wrath rose against Israel,
22 for they did not believe in God
or trust in his deliverance.
23 Yet he gave a command to the skies above
and opened the doors of the heavens;
24 he rained down manna for the people to eat,
he gave them the grain of heaven.
25 Human beings ate the bread of angels;
he sent them all the food they could eat.
26 He let loose the east wind from the heavens
and by his power made the south wind blow.
27 He rained meat down on them like dust,
birds like sand on the seashore.
28 He made them come down inside their camp,
all around their tents.
29 They ate till they were gorged—
he had given them what they craved.
30 But before they turned from what they craved,
even while the food was still in their mouths,
31 God’s anger rose against them;
he put to death the sturdiest among them,
cutting down the young men of Israel.
32 In
spite of all this, they kept on sinning;
in spite of his wonders, they did not believe.
33 So he ended their days in futility
and their years in terror.
34 Whenever God slew them, they would seek him;
they eagerly turned to him again.
35 They remembered that God was their Rock,
that God Most High was their Redeemer.
36 But then they would flatter him with their mouths,
lying to him with their tongues;
37 their hearts were not loyal to him,
they were not faithful to his covenant.
38 Yet he was merciful;
he forgave their iniquities
and did not destroy them.
Time after time he restrained his anger
and did not stir up his full wrath.
39 He remembered that they were but flesh,
a passing breeze that does not return.
in spite of his wonders, they did not believe.
33 So he ended their days in futility
and their years in terror.
34 Whenever God slew them, they would seek him;
they eagerly turned to him again.
35 They remembered that God was their Rock,
that God Most High was their Redeemer.
36 But then they would flatter him with their mouths,
lying to him with their tongues;
37 their hearts were not loyal to him,
they were not faithful to his covenant.
38 Yet he was merciful;
he forgave their iniquities
and did not destroy them.
Time after time he restrained his anger
and did not stir up his full wrath.
39 He remembered that they were but flesh,
a passing breeze that does not return.
40 How
often they rebelled against him in the wilderness
and grieved him in the wasteland!
41 Again and again they put God to the test;
they vexed the Holy One of Israel.
42 They did not remember his power—
the day he redeemed them from the oppressor,
43 the day he displayed his signs in Egypt,
his wonders in the region of Zoan.
44 He turned their river into blood;
they could not drink from their streams.
45 He sent swarms of flies that devoured them,
and frogs that devastated them.
46 He gave their crops to the grasshopper,
their produce to the locust.
47 He destroyed their vines with hail
and their sycamore-figs with sleet.
48 He gave over their cattle to the hail,
their livestock to bolts of lightning.
49 He unleashed against them his hot anger,
his wrath, indignation and hostility—
a band of destroying angels.
50 He prepared a path for his anger;
he did not spare them from death
but gave them over to the plague.
51 He struck down all the firstborn of Egypt,
the firstfruits of manhood in the tents of Ham.
52 But he brought his people out like a flock;
he led them like sheep through the wilderness.
53 He guided them safely, so they were unafraid;
but the sea engulfed their enemies.
54 And so he brought them to the border of his holy land,
to the hill country his right hand had taken.
55 He drove out nations before them
and allotted their lands to them as an inheritance;
he settled the tribes of Israel in their homes.
and grieved him in the wasteland!
41 Again and again they put God to the test;
they vexed the Holy One of Israel.
42 They did not remember his power—
the day he redeemed them from the oppressor,
43 the day he displayed his signs in Egypt,
his wonders in the region of Zoan.
44 He turned their river into blood;
they could not drink from their streams.
45 He sent swarms of flies that devoured them,
and frogs that devastated them.
46 He gave their crops to the grasshopper,
their produce to the locust.
47 He destroyed their vines with hail
and their sycamore-figs with sleet.
48 He gave over their cattle to the hail,
their livestock to bolts of lightning.
49 He unleashed against them his hot anger,
his wrath, indignation and hostility—
a band of destroying angels.
50 He prepared a path for his anger;
he did not spare them from death
but gave them over to the plague.
51 He struck down all the firstborn of Egypt,
the firstfruits of manhood in the tents of Ham.
52 But he brought his people out like a flock;
he led them like sheep through the wilderness.
53 He guided them safely, so they were unafraid;
but the sea engulfed their enemies.
54 And so he brought them to the border of his holy land,
to the hill country his right hand had taken.
55 He drove out nations before them
and allotted their lands to them as an inheritance;
he settled the tribes of Israel in their homes.
56 But
they put God to the test
and rebelled against the Most High;
they did not keep his statutes.
57 Like their ancestors they were disloyal and faithless,
as unreliable as a faulty bow.
58 They angered him with their high places;
they aroused his jealousy with their idols.
59 When God heard them, he was furious;
he rejected Israel completely.
60 He abandoned the tabernacle of Shiloh,
the tent he had set up among humans.
61 He sent the ark of his might into captivity,
his splendor into the hands of the enemy.
62 He gave his people over to the sword;
he was furious with his inheritance.
63 Fire consumed their young men,
and their young women had no wedding songs;
64 their priests were put to the sword,
and their widows could not weep.
and rebelled against the Most High;
they did not keep his statutes.
57 Like their ancestors they were disloyal and faithless,
as unreliable as a faulty bow.
58 They angered him with their high places;
they aroused his jealousy with their idols.
59 When God heard them, he was furious;
he rejected Israel completely.
60 He abandoned the tabernacle of Shiloh,
the tent he had set up among humans.
61 He sent the ark of his might into captivity,
his splendor into the hands of the enemy.
62 He gave his people over to the sword;
he was furious with his inheritance.
63 Fire consumed their young men,
and their young women had no wedding songs;
64 their priests were put to the sword,
and their widows could not weep.
65 Then
the Lord awoke as from sleep,
as a warrior wakes from the stupor of wine.
66 He beat back his enemies;
he put them to everlasting shame.
67 Then he rejected the tents of Joseph,
he did not choose the tribe of Ephraim;
68 but he chose the tribe of Judah,
Mount Zion, which he loved.
69 He built his sanctuary like the heights,
like the earth that he established forever.
70 He chose David his servant
and took him from the sheep pens;
71 from tending the sheep he brought him
to be the shepherd of his people Jacob,
of Israel his inheritance.
72 And David shepherded them with integrity of heart;
with skillful hands he led them.
as a warrior wakes from the stupor of wine.
66 He beat back his enemies;
he put them to everlasting shame.
67 Then he rejected the tents of Joseph,
he did not choose the tribe of Ephraim;
68 but he chose the tribe of Judah,
Mount Zion, which he loved.
69 He built his sanctuary like the heights,
like the earth that he established forever.
70 He chose David his servant
and took him from the sheep pens;
71 from tending the sheep he brought him
to be the shepherd of his people Jacob,
of Israel his inheritance.
72 And David shepherded them with integrity of heart;
with skillful hands he led them.
**************
詩人亞薩這受訓誨詩，不光是要以色列人注意到自己和列祖的罪惡，更要人看見上帝的救贖！而上帝的救贖在哪裡呢？詩中告訴我們：「那時，主像世人睡醒，像勇士飲酒呼喊。他就打退了他的敵人，叫他們永蒙羞辱；並且他棄掉約瑟的帳棚，不揀選以法蓮支派，卻揀選猶大支派─他所喜愛的錫安山；蓋造他的聖所，好像高峰，又像他建立永存之地；又揀選他的僕人大衛，從羊圈中將他召來，叫他不再跟從那些帶奶的母羊，為要牧養自己的百姓雅各和自己的產業以色列。於是，他按心中的純正牧養他們，用手中的巧妙引導他們。」
很清楚的告訴我們，救贖之恩是要透過猶大支派而非被看為長子的以法蓮支派；不僅如此還是透過大衛的家，使他們永遠成為上帝所立的牧人！當然我們在新約的時代清楚真正的牧人是耶穌基督，而耶穌基督牧養我們正如詩人所說：「…牧養自己的百姓雅各和自己的產業以色列。於是，他按心中的純正牧養他們，用手中的巧妙引導他們。」
而在新約中約翰福音10 章很清楚將上帝如何透過耶穌基督牧養我們，清清楚楚告訴我們！「盜賊來，無非要偷竊，殺害，毀壞；我來了，是要叫羊（或譯：人）得生命，並且得的更豐盛。我是好牧人；好牧人為羊捨命。」（10-11節）「我是好牧人；我認識我的羊，我的羊也認識我，正如父認識我，我也認識父一樣；並且我為羊捨命。」（14-15節）
主耶穌才是我們真正的牧者，我們和他的關係是牧人和羊的關係！祂是用心在我們身上的，不像漢朝的蘇武牧養北海邊！蘇武牧羊心不在羊，在想回家！當然主耶穌牧羊勝過蘇武，且比蘇武更偉大！
