列王紀上21:1-29

 

21:1 這事以後，又有一事。耶斯列人拿伯在耶斯列有一個葡萄園，靠近撒馬利亞王亞哈的宮。
21:2 亞哈對拿伯說：「你將你的葡萄園給我作菜園，因為是靠近我的宮；我就把更好的葡萄園換給你，或是你要銀子，我就按著價值給你。」
21:3 拿伯對亞哈說：「我敬畏耶和華，萬不敢將我先人留下的產業給你。」
21:4 亞哈因耶斯列人拿伯說「我不敢將我先人留下的產業給你」，就悶悶不樂地回宮，躺在床上，轉臉向內，也不吃飯。
21:5 王后耶洗別來問他說：「你為甚麼心裡這樣憂悶，不吃飯呢？」
21:6 他回答說：「因我向耶斯列人拿伯說：『你將你的葡萄園給我，我給你價銀，或是你願意，我就把別的葡萄園換給你』；他卻說：『我不將我的葡萄園給你。』」
21:7 王后耶洗別對亞哈說：「你現在是治理以色列國不是？只管起來，心裡暢暢快快地吃飯，我必將耶斯列人拿伯的葡萄園給你。」
21:8 於是託亞哈的名寫信，用王的印印上，送給那些與拿伯同城居住的長老貴冑。
21:9 信上寫著說：「你們當宣告禁食，叫拿伯坐在民間的高位上，
21:10 又叫兩個匪徒坐在拿伯對面，作見證告他說：『你謗瀆上帝和王了』；隨後就把他拉出去用石頭打死。」
21:11 那些與拿伯同城居住的長老貴冑得了耶洗別的信，就照信而行，
21:12 宣告禁食，叫拿伯坐在民間的高位上。
21:13 有兩個匪徒來，坐在拿伯的對面，當著眾民作見證告他說：「拿伯謗瀆上帝和王了！」眾人就把他拉到城外，用石頭打死。
21:14 於是打發人去見耶洗別，說：「拿伯被石頭打死了。」
21:15 耶洗別聽見拿伯被石頭打死，就對亞哈說：「你起來得耶斯列人拿伯不肯為價銀給你的葡萄園吧！現在他已經死了。」
21:16 亞哈聽見拿伯死了，就起來，下去要得耶斯列人拿伯的葡萄園。
21:17 耶和華的話臨到提斯比人以利亞說：
21:18 「你起來，去見住撒馬利亞的以色列王亞哈，他下去要得拿伯的葡萄園，現今正在那園裡。
21:19 你要對他說：『耶和華如此說：你殺了人，又得他的產業嗎？』又要對他說：『耶和華如此說：狗在何處舔拿伯的血，也必在何處舔你的血。』」
21:20 亞哈對以利亞說：「我仇敵啊，你找到我嗎？」他回答說：「我找到你了；因為你賣了自己，行耶和華眼中看為惡的事。
21:21 耶和華說：『我必使災禍臨到你，將你除盡。凡屬你的男丁，無論困住的、自由的，都從以色列中剪除。
21:22 我必使你的家像尼八的兒子耶羅波安的家，又像亞希雅的兒子巴沙的家；因為你惹我發怒，又使以色列人陷在罪裡。』
21:23 論到耶洗別，耶和華也說：『狗在耶斯列的外郭必吃耶洗別的肉。
21:24 凡屬亞哈的人，死在城中的必被狗吃，死在田野的必被空中的鳥吃。』」
21:25 （從來沒有像亞哈的，因他自賣，行耶和華眼中看為惡的事，受了王后耶洗別的聳動；
21:26 就照耶和華在以色列人面前所趕出的亞摩利人，行了最可憎惡的事，信從偶像。）
21:27 亞哈聽見這話，就撕裂衣服，禁食，身穿麻布，睡臥也穿著麻布，並且緩緩而行。
21:28 耶和華的話臨到提斯比人以利亞說：
21:29 「亞哈在我面前這樣自卑，你看見了嗎？因他在我面前自卑，他還在世的時候，我不降這禍；到他兒子的時候，我必降這禍與他的家。」

 

  Some time later there was an incident involving a vineyard belonging to Naboth the Jezreelite. The vineyard was in Jezreel, close to the palace of Ahab king of Samaria. ² Ahab said to Naboth, “Let me have your vineyard to use for a vegetable garden, since it is close to my palace. In exchange I will give you a better vineyard or, if you prefer, I will pay you whatever it is worth.”

³ But Naboth replied, “The Lord forbid that I should give you the inheritance of my ancestors.”

⁴ So Ahab went home, sullen and angry because Naboth the Jezreelite had said, “I will not give you the inheritance of my ancestors.” He lay on his bed sulking and refused to eat.

⁵ His wife Jezebel came in and asked him, “Why are you so sullen? Why won’t you eat?”

⁶ He answered her, “Because I said to Naboth the Jezreelite, ‘Sell me your vineyard; or if you prefer, I will give you another vineyard in its place.’ But he said, ‘I will not give you my vineyard.’”

⁷ Jezebel his wife said, “Is this how you act as king over Israel? Get up and eat! Cheer up. I’ll get you the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite.”

⁸ So she wrote letters in Ahab’s name, placed his seal on them, and sent them to the elders and nobles who lived in Naboth’s city with him. ⁹ In those letters she wrote:

“Proclaim a day of fasting and seat Naboth in a prominent place among the people. ¹⁰ But seat two scoundrels opposite him and have them bring charges that he has cursed both God and the king. Then take him out and stone him to death.”

¹¹ So the elders and nobles who lived in Naboth’s city did as Jezebel directed in the letters she had written to them. ¹² They proclaimed a fast and seated Naboth in a prominent place among the people. ¹³ Then two scoundrels came and sat opposite him and brought charges against Naboth before the people, saying, “Naboth has cursed both God and the king.” So they took him outside the city and stoned him to death. ¹⁴ Then they sent word to Jezebel: “Naboth has been stoned to death.”

¹⁵ As soon as Jezebel heard that Naboth had been stoned to death, she said to Ahab, “Get up and take possession of the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite that he refused to sell you. He is no longer alive, but dead.” ¹⁶ When Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, he got up and went down to take possession of Naboth’s vineyard.

¹⁷ Then the word of the Lord came to Elijah the Tishbite: ¹⁸ “Go down to meet Ahab king of Israel, who rules in Samaria. He is now in Naboth’s vineyard, where he has gone to take possession of it. ¹⁹ Say to him, ‘This is what the Lord says: Have you not murdered a man and seized his property?’ Then say to him, ‘This is what the Lord says: In the place where dogs licked up Naboth’s blood, dogs will lick up your blood—yes, yours!’”

²⁰ Ahab said to Elijah, “So you have found me, my enemy!”

“I have found you,” he answered, “because you have sold yourself to do evil in the eyes of the Lord. ²¹ He says, ‘I am going to bring disaster on you. I will wipe out your descendants and cut off from Ahab every last male in Israel—slave or free.^{[a] 22} I will make your house like that of Jeroboam son of Nebat and that of Baasha son of Ahijah, because you have aroused my anger and have caused Israel to sin.’

²³ “And also concerning Jezebel the Lord says: ‘Dogs will devour Jezebel by the wall of^[b] Jezreel.’

²⁴ “Dogs will eat those belonging to Ahab who die in the city, and the birds will feed on those who die in the country.”

²⁵ (There was never anyone like Ahab, who sold himself to do evil in the eyes of the Lord, urged on by Jezebel his wife. ²⁶ He behaved in the vilest manner by going after idols, like the Amorites the Lord drove out before Israel.)

²⁷ When Ahab heard these words, he tore his clothes, put on sackcloth and fasted. He lay in sackcloth and went around meekly.

²⁸ Then the word of the Lord came to Elijah the Tishbite: ²⁹ “Have you noticed how Ahab has humbled himself before me? Because he has humbled himself, I will not bring this disaster in his day, but I will bring it on his house in the days of his son.”

 

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    亞哈王雖然壞，但是王后耶洗別更是邪惡！在搶奪拿伯的葡萄園這件事，我們看見王后利用自己的地位，收買了地方官和匪徒來殺害拿伯，使拿伯喪命好順利搶奪他的產業，真是可惡！

 

    耶洗別和亞哈王的行徑，在公義的上帝眼中是十分厭惡的，也因此透過先知以利亞對亞哈王發預言：「你要對他說：『耶和華如此說：你殺了人，又得他的產業嗎？』又要對他說：『耶和華如此說：狗在何處舔拿伯的血，也必在何處舔你的血。』」「我必使災禍臨到你，將你除盡。凡屬你的男丁，無論困住的、自由的，都從以色列中剪除。我必使你的家像尼八的兒子耶羅波安的家，又像亞希雅的兒子巴沙的家；因為你惹我發怒，又使以色列人陷在罪裡。」也對王后發預言：「狗在耶斯列的外郭必吃耶洗別的肉。凡屬亞哈的人，死在城中的必被狗吃，死在田野的必被空中的鳥吃。」當然後來真的照這些預言實現！

 

    這也讓我們看見上帝對惡人的懲罰不只是到「最後的審判」，甚至是「現世報」！而惡人地遭報，也是要警戒事人不要行邪惡的道路！因為上帝是公義與憐憫的上帝，申冤在上帝！

 

 

馬太福音16: 21-28

 

16:21 從此，耶穌才指示門徒，他必須上耶路撒冷去，受長老、祭司長、文士許多的苦，並且被殺，第三日復活。
16:22 彼得就拉著他，勸他說：「主啊，萬不可如此！這事必不臨到你身上。」
16:23 耶穌轉過來，對彼得說：「撒但，退我後邊去吧！你是絆我腳的；因為你不體貼上帝的意思，只體貼人的意思。」
16:24 於是耶穌對門徒說：「若有人要跟從我，就當捨己，背起他的十字架來跟從我。
16:25 因為，凡要救自己生命（生命：或譯靈魂；下同）的，必喪掉生命；凡為我喪掉生命的，必得著生命。
16:26 人若賺得全世界，賠上自己的生命，有甚麼益處呢？人還能拿甚麼換生命呢？
16:27 人子要在他父的榮耀裡，同著眾使者降臨；那時候，他要照各人的行為報應各人。
16:28 我實在告訴你們，站在這裡的，有人在沒嘗死味以前必看見人子降臨在他的國裡。」

 

²¹ From that time on Jesus began to explain to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things at the hands of the elders, the chief priests and the teachers of the law, and that he must be killed and on the third day be raised to life.

²² Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him. “Never, Lord!” he said. “This shall never happen to you!”

²³ Jesus turned and said to Peter, “Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me; you do not have in mind the concerns of God, but merely human concerns.”

²⁴ Then Jesus said to his disciples, “Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross and follow me. ²⁵ For whoever wants to save their life^[f] will lose it, but whoever loses their life for me will find it. ²⁶ What good will it be for someone to gain the whole world, yet forfeit their soul? Or what can anyone give in exchange for their soul? ²⁷ For the Son of Man is going to come in his Father’s glory with his angels, and then he will reward each person according to what they have done.

²⁸ “Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”

 

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    主耶穌在這裡有一個非常重要的宣告：「他必須上耶路撒冷去，受長老、祭司長、文士許多的苦，並且被殺，第三日復活。」

 

    表示主耶穌承認自己是基督不是要得人的榮耀，而是要面對死亡，然後才有復活！因為主耶穌清楚自己是基督就有三重職分：「先知、君王和祭司」，然而就祭司的職分而言，祂不只是獻祭者，更是那聖潔無瑕疵的祭物，祂是上帝的羔羊，要承擔世人的罪孽，才能將信靠祂的人從罪惡中拯救出來！

 

    然而祂對祂所拯救的人也有極深的期許：「若有人要跟從我，就當捨己，背起他的十字架來跟從我。因為，凡要救自己生命（生命：或譯靈魂；下同）的，必喪掉生命；凡為我喪掉生命的，必得著生命。人若賺得全世界，賠上自己的生命，有甚麼益處呢？人還能拿甚麼換生命呢？人子要在他父的榮耀裡，同著眾使者降臨；那時候，他要照各人的行為報應各人。我實在告訴你們，站在這裡的，有人在沒嘗死味以前必看見人子降臨在他的國裡。」

 

    這就讓人想起「十架神學」，若想對十架神學有深入的認識，請進入以下的連結閱讀：https://kk1591.blogspot.com/2013/10/blog-post_6041.html。

 

    然而關於十架的道理保羅論述得很清楚：「猶太人是要神蹟，希臘人是求智慧，我們卻是傳釘十字架的基督，在猶太人為絆腳石，在外邦人為愚拙；但在那蒙召的，無論是猶太人、希臘人，基督總為上帝的能力，上帝的智慧。」(哥林多前書1:22-24)

 

    這是「十架神學」得出發，讓馬丁路德透過基督來勝過「榮耀神學」，今日我們也要靠基督來勝過「成功神學」的謬論，我們要追求的不是今世的昌盛和境界的擴張，而是要基督真正成為我們的主，讓自己完完全全歸回上帝的面前，成為上帝的兒女！

 

 

馬太福音16: 13-20

 

16:13 耶穌到了凱撒利亞•腓立比的境內，就問門徒說：「人說我─（有古卷沒有我字）─人子是誰？」
16:14 他們說：「有人說是施洗的約翰；有人說是以利亞；又有人說是耶利米或是先知裡的一位。」
16:15 耶穌說：「你們說我是誰？」
16:16 西門•彼得回答說：「你是基督，是永生上帝的兒子。」
16:17 耶穌對他說：「西門•巴•約拿，你是有福的！因為這不是屬血肉的指示你的，乃是我在天上的父指示的。
16:18 我還告訴你，你是彼得，我要把我的教會建造在這磐石上；陰間的權柄（權柄：原文是門），不能勝過他。
16:19 我要把天國的鑰匙給你，凡你在地上所捆綁的，在天上也要捆綁；凡你在地上所釋放的，在天上也要釋放。」
16:20 當下，耶穌囑咐門徒，不可對人說他是基督。

 

¹³ When Jesus came to the region of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, “Who do people say the Son of Man is?”

¹⁴ They replied, “Some say John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”

¹⁵ “But what about you?” he asked. “Who do you say I am?”

¹⁶ Simon Peter answered, “You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.”

¹⁷ Jesus replied, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by flesh and blood, but by my Father in heaven. ¹⁸ And I tell you that you are Peter,^[b] and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades^[c] will not overcome it. ¹⁹ I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be^[d] bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be^[e] loosed in heaven.” ²⁰ Then he ordered his disciples not to tell anyone that he was the Messiah.

 

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    主耶穌們門徒的對話中，讓我們看見人能認主耶穌是「基督、永生上帝的兒子」，不是靠人的述說，也不是靠自己的感覺，而是「在天上的父指示的」！可見成為基督徒是上帝的恩典，不是因為聽見人的傳揚和做見證！

 

    保羅也如此說：所以我告訴你們，被上帝的靈感動的，沒有說「耶穌是可咒詛」的；若不是被聖靈感動的，也沒有能說「耶穌是主」的。(哥林多前書12:3)

 

    也因為這樣，對於「加爾文主義的五要點」，我是非常贊成，因為它將得救的過程說得很清楚，且是符合聖經的教導。其內容如下：

(1) Total depravity人完全的墮落﹕人的身體靈魂都墮落了﹔包括理性、感情、意志。

(2) Unconditional election上帝無條件的揀選﹕上帝的揀選﹐不是因為上帝預先看見人的信心﹐而是因為上帝自己的美意和旨意。

(3) Limited atonement基督特定 (有限) 的救贖﹕耶穌基督的死﹐不只是讓人有得救的可能﹐而是真正拯救了那些得救的人。

(4) Irresistible grace聖靈不可抗拒的恩典﹕聖靈呼召人 (林前1﹕9)﹐使人重生 (約3 ﹕3-8 ﹐多3 ﹕4-7)﹐因此人的確的被召 (重生) ﹐人的確的被召來相信基督﹐來悔改。

(5) Perseverance of the saints上帝永遠的堅忍﹐保守聖徒﹕上帝所揀選﹐上帝所買贖﹐上帝所呼召的﹐上帝稱他們為義﹐上帝使他們得榮耀 (羅8 ﹕28-30) 。

 

    希望我們好好的認識到：我們得救贖，完全是上帝的主權，我們必須將榮耀歸給上帝！

馬太福音16: 5-12

 

16:5 門徒渡到那邊去，忘了帶餅。
16:6 耶穌對他們說：「你們要謹慎，防備法利賽人和撒都該人的酵。」
16:7 門徒彼此議論說：「這是因為我們沒有帶餅吧。」
16:8 耶穌看出來，就說：「你們這小信的人，為甚麼因為沒有餅彼此議論呢？
16:9 你們還不明白嗎？不記得那五個餅分給五千人、又收拾了多少籃子的零碎嗎？
16:10 也不記得那七個餅分給四千人、又收拾了多少筐子的零碎嗎？
16:11 我對你們說：『要防備法利賽人和撒都該人的酵』，這話不是指著餅說的，你們怎麼不明白呢？」
16:12 門徒這才曉得他說的不是叫他們防備餅的酵，乃是防備法利賽人和撒都該人的教訓。

 

⁵ When they went across the lake, the disciples forgot to take bread. ⁶ “Be careful,” Jesus said to them. “Be on your guard against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees.”

⁷ They discussed this among themselves and said, “It is because we didn’t bring any bread.”

⁸ Aware of their discussion, Jesus asked, “You of little faith, why are you talking among yourselves about having no bread? ⁹ Do you still not understand? Don’t you remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many basketfuls you gathered? ¹⁰ Or the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many basketfuls you gathered? ¹¹ How is it you don’t understand that I was not talking to you about bread? But be on your guard against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees.” ¹² Then they understood that he was not telling them to guard against the yeast used in bread, but against the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

 

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    說者和聽者之間的溝通常常會有差距，主耶穌和門徒之間也是會發生這樣的問題。因為每個人的視野和觀點不同，就會影響看法和彼此的瞭解。正如主耶穌關心的是：希望大家能夠受到純正真理的教導；而門徒想的，就是主耶穌和民眾的需要。也因此主耶穌說到；「你們要謹慎，防備法利賽人和撒都該人的酵。」時，門徒會聯想到所需要的食物夠不夠！

 

    這也就是教會的牧者和長執之間知所所差異之處：牧者有豐富的信仰知識，卻在財務上需要信徒的供應；而長執通常是在財務上充足，在信仰知識上需要得造就。在這種狀態之下，真的需要互相成全，才能夠好好的牧養信徒。

 

    而主耶穌也在這裡向門徒提到曾經行過的兩個與餅有關的神蹟，表示主耶穌不擔心來就近他的人沒有糧可以吃，反倒擔心他們受到不好的教訓影響，所以主耶穌才會要大家法利賽人和撒都該人的教訓。不好的教訓可是會影響得非常長久的，更會影響許多人。

 

    也因為如此，教會要防範不符合聖經的教導，以免讓信徒離開上帝而沉淪，或是受影響而奔向滅亡之路！

 

列王紀上20章

      列王紀上20:1-43  ,