利未記16:1-34

16:1 亞倫的兩個兒子近到耶和華面前死了。死了之後，耶和華曉諭摩西說：
16:2 「要告訴你哥哥亞倫，不可隨時進聖所的幔子內、到櫃上的施恩座前，免得他死亡，因為我要從雲中顯現在施恩座上。
16:3 亞倫進聖所，要帶一隻公牛犢為贖罪祭，一隻公綿羊為燔祭。
16:4 要穿上細麻布聖內袍，把細麻布褲子穿在身上，腰束細麻布帶子，頭戴細麻布冠冕；這都是聖服。他要用水洗身，然後穿戴。
16:5 要從以色列會眾取兩隻公山羊為贖罪祭，一隻公綿羊為燔祭。
16:6 「亞倫要把贖罪祭的公牛奉上，為自己和本家贖罪；
16:7 也要把兩隻公山羊安置在會幕門口、耶和華面前，
16:8 為那兩隻羊拈鬮，一鬮歸與耶和華，一鬮歸與阿撒瀉勒。
16:9 亞倫要把那拈鬮歸與耶和華的羊獻為贖罪祭，
16:10 但那拈鬮歸與阿撒瀉勒的羊要活著安置在耶和華面前，用以贖罪，打發人送到曠野去，歸與阿撒瀉勒。
16:11 「亞倫要把贖罪祭的公牛牽來宰了，為自己和本家贖罪；
16:12 拿香爐，從耶和華面前的壇上盛滿火炭，又拿一捧搗細的香料，都帶入幔子內，
16:13 在耶和華面前，把香放在火上，使香的煙雲遮掩法櫃上的施恩座，免得他死亡；
16:14 也要取些公牛的血，用指頭彈在施恩座的東面，又在施恩座的前面彈血七次。
16:15 「隨後他要宰那為百姓作贖罪祭的公山羊，把羊的血帶入幔子內，彈在施恩座的上面和前面，好像彈公牛的血一樣。
16:16 他因以色列人諸般的污穢、過犯，就是他們一切的罪愆，當這樣在聖所行贖罪之禮，並因會幕在他們污穢之中，也要照樣而行。
16:17 他進聖所贖罪的時候，會幕裡不可有人，直等到他為自己和本家並以色列全會眾贖了罪出來。
16:18 他出來，要到耶和華面前的壇那裡，在壇上行贖罪之禮，又要取些公牛的血和公山羊的血，抹在壇上四角的周圍；
16:19 也要用指頭把血彈在壇上七次，潔淨了壇，從壇上除掉以色列人諸般的污穢，使壇成聖。」
16:20 「亞倫為聖所和會幕並壇獻完了贖罪祭，就要把那隻活著的公山羊奉上。
16:21 兩手按在羊頭上，承認以色列人諸般的罪孽過犯，就是他們一切的罪愆，把這罪都歸在羊的頭上，藉著所派之人的手，送到曠野去。
16:22 要把這羊放在曠野，這羊要擔當他們一切的罪孽，帶到無人之地。
16:23 「亞倫要進會幕，把他進聖所時所穿的細麻布衣服脫下，放在那裡，
16:24 又要在聖處用水洗身，穿上衣服，出來，把自己的燔祭和百姓的燔祭獻上，為自己和百姓贖罪。
16:25 贖罪祭牲的脂油要在壇上焚燒。
16:26 那放羊歸與阿撒瀉勒的人要洗衣服，用水洗身，然後進營。
16:27 作贖罪祭的公牛和公山羊的血既帶入聖所贖罪，這牛羊就要搬到營外，將皮、肉、糞用火焚燒。
16:28 焚燒的人要洗衣服，用水洗身，然後進營。」
16:29 「每逢七月初十日，你們要刻苦己心，無論是本地人，是寄居在你們中間的外人，甚麼工都不可做；這要作你們永遠的定例。
16:30 因在這日要為你們贖罪，使你們潔淨。你們要在耶和華面前得以潔淨，脫盡一切的罪愆。
16:31 這日你們要守為聖安息日，要刻苦己心；這為永遠的定例。
16:32 那受膏、接續他父親承接聖職的祭司要穿上細麻布的聖衣，行贖罪之禮。
16:33 他要在至聖所和會幕與壇行贖罪之禮，並要為眾祭司和會眾的百姓贖罪。
16:34 這要作你們永遠的定例─就是因以色列人一切的罪，要一年一次為他們贖罪。」於是，亞倫照耶和華所吩咐摩西的行了。

The Lord spoke to Moses after the death of the two sons of Aaron who died when they approached the Lord. ² The Lord said to Moses: “Tell your brother Aaron that he is not to come whenever he chooses into the Most Holy Place behind the curtain in front of the atonement cover on the ark, or else he will die. For I will appear in the cloud over the atonement cover.

³ “This is how Aaron is to enter the Most Holy Place: He must first bring a young bull for a sin offering^[a] and a ram for a burnt offering. ⁴ He is to put on the sacred linen tunic, with linen undergarments next to his body; he is to tie the linen sash around him and put on the linen turban. These are sacred garments; so he must bathe himself with water before he puts them on. ⁵ From the Israelite community he is to take two male goats for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering.

⁶ “Aaron is to offer the bull for his own sin offering to make atonement for himself and his household. ⁷ Then he is to take the two goats and present them before the Lord at the entrance to the tent of meeting. ⁸ He is to cast lots for the two goats—one lot for the Lord and the other for the scapegoat.^{[b] 9} Aaron shall bring the goat whose lot falls to the Lord and sacrifice it for a sin offering. ¹⁰ But the goat chosen by lot as the scapegoat shall be presented alive before the Lord to be used for making atonement by sending it into the wilderness as a scapegoat.

¹¹ “Aaron shall bring the bull for his own sin offering to make atonement for himself and his household, and he is to slaughter the bull for his own sin offering. ¹² He is to take a censer full of burning coals from the altar before the Lord and two handfuls of finely ground fragrant incense and take them behind the curtain. ¹³ He is to put the incense on the fire before the Lord, and the smoke of the incense will conceal the atonement cover above the tablets of the covenant law, so that he will not die. ¹⁴ He is to take some of the bull’s blood and with his finger sprinkle it on the front of the atonement cover; then he shall sprinkle some of it with his finger seven times before the atonement cover.

¹⁵ “He shall then slaughter the goat for the sin offering for the people and take its blood behind the curtain and do with it as he did with the bull’s blood: He shall sprinkle it on the atonement cover and in front of it. ¹⁶ In this way he will make atonement for the Most Holy Place because of the uncleanness and rebellion of the Israelites, whatever their sins have been. He is to do the same for the tent of meeting, which is among them in the midst of their uncleanness. ¹⁷ No one is to be in the tent of meeting from the time Aaron goes in to make atonement in the Most Holy Place until he comes out, having made atonement for himself, his household and the whole community of Israel.

¹⁸ “Then he shall come out to the altar that is before the Lord and make atonement for it. He shall take some of the bull’s blood and some of the goat’s blood and put it on all the horns of the altar. ¹⁹ He shall sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times to cleanse it and to consecrate it from the uncleanness of the Israelites.

²⁰ “When Aaron has finished making atonement for the Most Holy Place, the tent of meeting and the altar, he shall bring forward the live goat. ²¹ He is to lay both hands on the head of the live goat and confess over it all the wickedness and rebellion of the Israelites—all their sins—and put them on the goat’s head. He shall send the goat away into the wilderness in the care of someone appointed for the task. ²² The goat will carry on itself all their sins to a remote place; and the man shall release it in the wilderness.

²³ “Then Aaron is to go into the tent of meeting and take off the linen garments he put on before he entered the Most Holy Place, and he is to leave them there. ²⁴ He shall bathe himself with water in the sanctuary area and put on his regular garments. Then he shall come out and sacrifice the burnt offering for himself and the burnt offering for the people, to make atonement for himself and for the people. ²⁵ He shall also burn the fat of the sin offering on the altar.

²⁶ “The man who releases the goat as a scapegoat must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may come into the camp. ²⁷ The bull and the goat for the sin offerings, whose blood was brought into the Most Holy Place to make atonement, must be taken outside the camp; their hides, flesh and intestines are to be burned up. ²⁸ The man who burns them must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may come into the camp.

²⁹ “This is to be a lasting ordinance for you: On the tenth day of the seventh month you must deny yourselves^[c] and not do any work—whether native-born or a foreigner residing among you— ³⁰ because on this day atonement will be made for you, to cleanse you. Then, before the Lord, you will be clean from all your sins. ³¹ It is a day of sabbath rest, and you must deny yourselves; it is a lasting ordinance. ³² The priest who is anointed and ordained to succeed his father as high priest is to make atonement. He is to put on the sacred linen garments ³³ and make atonement for the Most Holy Place, for the tent of meeting and the altar, and for the priests and all the members of the community.

³⁴ “This is to be a lasting ordinance for you: Atonement is to be made once a year for all the sins of the Israelites.”

And it was done, as the Lord commanded Moses.

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    英文「贖罪」這個詞的意思是「使成為一致」，指的是將彼此疏遠的人合而為一。RSV譯作「復和」是更好的翻譯。在神學上，這個詞是用來指基督的工作，為要處理人的罪所帶來的問題，並引領罪人與上帝建立良好的關係。

  

    在這裡不僅訂定贖罪之儀式，也訂定贖罪日，就是要以色列人透過這些看見上帝是多麼看重贖罪，希望與以色列人有一個復和的關係，不希望罪使彼此的關係斷絕！

    在新約上帝非常看重這復和的關係，正如哥林多後書5章19節所說：「這就是上帝在基督裡，叫世人與自己和好，不將他們的過犯歸到他們身上，並且將這和好的道理託付了我們。」又在21節說：「上帝使那無罪（無罪：原文是不知罪）的，替我們成為罪，好叫我們在他裡面成為上帝的義。」

    所以，耶穌基督在十字架上完成了永遠的贖罪祭，使上帝和人在基督裡復和，直到永遠！