利未記4:22-35

4:22 「官長若行了耶和華─他上帝所吩咐不可行的甚麼事，誤犯了罪，
4:23 所犯的罪自己知道了，就要牽一隻沒有殘疾的公山羊為供物，
4:24 按手在羊的頭上，宰於耶和華面前、宰燔祭牲的地方；這是贖罪祭。
4:25 祭司要用指頭蘸些贖罪祭牲的血，抹在燔祭壇的四角上，把血倒在燔祭壇的腳那裡。
4:26 所有的脂油，祭司都要燒在壇上，正如平安祭的脂油一樣。至於他的罪，祭司要為他贖了，他必蒙赦免。
4:27 「民中若有人行了耶和華所吩咐不可行的甚麼事，誤犯了罪，
4:28 所犯的罪自己知道了，就要為所犯的罪牽一隻沒有殘疾的母山羊為供物，
4:29 按手在贖罪祭牲的頭上，在那宰燔祭牲的地方宰了。
4:30 祭司要用指頭蘸些羊的血，抹在燔祭壇的四角上，所有的血都要倒在壇的腳那裡，
4:31 又要把羊所有的脂油都取下，正如取平安祭牲的脂油一樣。祭司要在壇上焚燒，在耶和華面前作為馨香的祭，為他贖罪，他必蒙赦免。
4:32 「人若牽一隻綿羊羔為贖罪祭的供物，必要牽一隻沒有殘疾的母羊，
4:33 按手在贖罪祭牲的頭上，在那宰燔祭牲的地方宰了作贖罪祭。
4:34 祭司要用指頭蘸些贖罪祭牲的血，抹在燔祭壇的四角上，所有的血都要倒在壇的腳那裡，
4:35 又要把所有的脂油都取下，正如取平安祭羊羔的脂油一樣。祭司要按獻給耶和華火祭的條例，燒在壇上。至於所犯的罪，祭司要為他贖了，他必蒙赦免。」

 ²² “‘When a leader sins unintentionally and does what is forbidden in any of the commands of the Lord his God, when he realizes his guilt ²³ and the sin he has committed becomes known, he must bring as his offering a male goat without defect. ²⁴ He is to lay his hand on the goat’s head and slaughter it at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered before the Lord. It is a sin offering. ²⁵ Then the priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering and pour out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar. ²⁶ He shall burn all the fat on the altar as he burned the fat of the fellowship offering. In this way the priest will make atonement for the leader’s sin, and he will be forgiven.

²⁷ “‘If any member of the community sins unintentionally and does what is forbidden in any of the Lord’s commands, when they realize their guilt ²⁸ and the sin they have committed becomes known, they must bring as their offering for the sin they committed a female goat without defect. ²⁹ They are to lay their hand on the head of the sin offering and slaughter it at the place of the burnt offering. ³⁰ Then the priest is to take some of the blood with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering and pour out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar. ³¹ They shall remove all the fat, just as the fat is removed from the fellowship offering, and the priest shall burn it on the altar as an aroma pleasing to the Lord. In this way the priest will make atonement for them, and they will be forgiven.

³² “‘If someone brings a lamb as their sin offering, they are to bring a female without defect. ³³ They are to lay their hand on its head and slaughter it for a sin offering at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered. ³⁴ Then the priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering and pour out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar. ³⁵ They shall remove all the fat, just as the fat is removed from the lamb of the fellowship offering, and the priest shall burn it on the altar on top of the food offerings presented to the Lord. In this way the priest will make atonement for them for the sin they have committed, and they will be forgiven.

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    個人性的贖罪祭是用山羊或綿羊羔，當然官長身分較高就用公山羊，百姓則用母山羊或母綿羊羔。重點是人要贖罪必須先認罪，正如這裡所說：「所犯的罪自己知道了」！

    也因為如此，「知罪」是很重要的！不知罪，就不會覺得有赦罪的需要，不不會獻贖罪祭來贖自己的罪，就沒有經歷上帝赦罪的恩典，就不會來敬拜上帝，也就與上帝的關係越來越疏遠了！

    大衛的詩歌如此說：「得赦免其過、遮蓋其罪的，這人是有福的！」（詩篇32:1）又說：「我閉口不認罪的時候，因終日唉哼而骨頭枯乾。黑夜白日，你的手在我身上沉重；我的精液耗盡，如同夏天的乾旱。」（詩篇32:3-4）

    因此，我們要常常來到上地面前認罪求赦免，就會經歷大衛說：「我向你陳明我的罪，不隱瞞我的惡。我說：我要向耶和華承認我的過犯，你就赦免我的罪惡。」（詩篇32:5）