利未記11:1-47

11:1 耶和華對摩西、亞倫說：
11:2 「你們曉諭以色列人說，在地上一切走獸中可吃的乃是這些：
11:3 凡蹄分兩瓣、倒嚼的走獸，你們都可以吃。
11:4 但那倒嚼或分蹄之中不可吃的乃是：駱駝─因為倒嚼不分蹄，就與你們不潔淨；
11:5 沙番─因為倒嚼不分蹄，就與你們不潔淨；
11:6 兔子─因為倒嚼不分蹄，就與你們不潔淨；
11:7 豬─因為蹄分兩瓣，卻不倒嚼，就與你們不潔淨。
11:8 這些獸的肉，你們不可吃；死的，你們不可摸，都與你們不潔淨。
11:9 「水中可吃的乃是這些：凡在水裡、海裡、河裡、有翅有鱗的，都可以吃。
11:10 凡在海裡、河裡，並一切水裡游動的活物，無翅無鱗的，你們都當以為可憎。
11:11 這些無翅無鱗、以為可憎的，你們不可吃牠的肉；死的也當以為可憎。
11:12 凡水裡無翅無鱗的，你們都當以為可憎。
11:13 「雀鳥中你們當以為可憎、不可吃的乃是：鵰、狗頭鵰、紅頭鵰、
11:14 鷂鷹、小鷹與其類；
11:15 烏鴉與其類；
11:16 鴕鳥、夜鷹、魚鷹、鷹與其類；
11:17 鴞鳥、鸕鶿、貓頭鷹、
11:18 角鴟、鵜鶘、禿鵰、
11:19 鸛、鷺鷥與其類；戴鵀與蝙蝠。
11:20 「凡有翅膀用四足爬行的物，你們都當以為可憎。
11:21 只是有翅膀用四足爬行的物中，有足有腿，在地上蹦跳的，你們還可以吃。
11:22 其中有蝗蟲、螞蚱、蟋蟀與其類；蚱蜢與其類；這些你們都可以吃。
11:23 但是有翅膀有四足的爬物，你們都當以為可憎。
11:24 「這些都能使你們不潔淨。凡摸了死的，必不潔淨到晚上。
11:25 凡拿了死的，必不潔淨到晚上，並要洗衣服。
11:26 凡走獸分蹄不成兩瓣、也不倒嚼的，是與你們不潔淨；凡摸了的就不潔淨。
11:27 凡四足的走獸，用掌行走的，是與你們不潔淨；摸其屍的，必不潔淨到晚上。
11:28 拿其屍的，必不潔淨到晚上，並要洗衣服。這些是與你們不潔淨的。
11:29 「地上爬物與你們不潔淨的乃是這些：鼬鼠、鼫鼠、蜥蜴與其類；
11:30 壁虎、龍子、守宮、蛇醫、蝘蜓。
11:31 這些爬物都是與你們不潔淨的。在牠死了以後，凡摸了的，必不潔淨到晚上。
11:32 其中死了的，掉在甚麼東西上，這東西就不潔淨，無論是木器、衣服、皮子、口袋，不拘是做甚麼工用的器皿，須要放在水中，必不潔淨到晚上，到晚上才潔淨了。
11:33 若有死了掉在瓦器裡的，其中不拘有甚麼，就不潔淨，你們要把這瓦器打破了。
11:34 其中一切可吃的食物，沾水的就不潔淨，並且那樣器皿中一切可喝的，也必不潔淨。
11:35 其中已死的，若有一點掉在甚麼物件上，那物件就不潔淨，不拘是爐子，是鍋臺，就要打碎，都不潔淨，也必與你們不潔淨。
11:36 但是泉源或是聚水的池子仍是潔淨；惟挨了那死的，就不潔淨。
11:37 若是死的，有一點掉在要種的子粒上，子粒仍是潔淨；
11:38 若水已經澆在子粒上，那死的有一點掉在上頭，這子粒就與你們不潔淨。
11:39 「你們可吃的走獸若是死了，有人摸牠，必不潔淨到晚上；
11:40 有人吃那死了的走獸，必不潔淨到晚上，並要洗衣服；拿了死走獸的，必不潔淨到晚上，並要洗衣服。
11:41 「凡地上的爬物是可憎的，都不可吃。
11:42 凡用肚子行走的和用四足行走的，或是有許多足的，就是一切爬在地上的，你們都不可吃，因為是可憎的。
11:43 你們不可因甚麼爬物使自己成為可憎的，也不可因這些使自己不潔淨，以致染了污穢。
11:44 我是耶和華─你們的上帝；所以你們要成為聖潔，因為我是聖潔的。你們也不可在地上的爬物污穢自己。
11:45 我是把你們從埃及地領出來的耶和華，要作你們的上帝；所以你們要聖潔，因為我是聖潔的。」
11:46 這是走獸、飛鳥，和水中游動的活物，並地上爬物的條例。
11:47 要把潔淨的和不潔淨的，可吃的與不可吃的活物，都分別出來。

 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, ² “Say to the Israelites: ‘Of all the animals that live on land, these are the ones you may eat: ³ You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud.

⁴ “‘There are some that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, but you must not eat them. The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is ceremonially unclean for you. ⁵ The hyrax, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. ⁶ The rabbit, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. ⁷ And the pig, though it has a divided hoof, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you. ⁸ You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.

⁹ “‘Of all the creatures living in the water of the seas and the streams you may eat any that have fins and scales. ¹⁰ But all creatures in the seas or streams that do not have fins and scales—whether among all the swarming things or among all the other living creatures in the water—you are to regard as unclean. ¹¹ And since you are to regard them as unclean, you must not eat their meat; you must regard their carcasses as unclean. ¹² Anything living in the water that does not have fins and scales is to be regarded as unclean by you.

¹³ “‘These are the birds you are to regard as unclean and not eat because they are unclean: the eagle,^[a] the vulture, the black vulture, ¹⁴ the red kite, any kind of black kite, ¹⁵ any kind of raven, ¹⁶ the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, ¹⁷ the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl, ¹⁸ the white owl, the desert owl, the osprey, ¹⁹ the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe and the bat.

²⁰ “‘All flying insects that walk on all fours are to be regarded as unclean by you. ²¹ There are, however, some flying insects that walk on all fours that you may eat: those that have jointed legs for hopping on the ground. ²² Of these you may eat any kind of locust, katydid, cricket or grasshopper. ²³ But all other flying insects that have four legs you are to regard as unclean.

²⁴ “‘You will make yourselves unclean by these; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean till evening. ²⁵ Whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.

²⁶ “‘Every animal that does not have a divided hoof or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you; whoever touches the carcass of any of them will be unclean. ²⁷ Of all the animals that walk on all fours, those that walk on their paws are unclean for you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean till evening. ²⁸ Anyone who picks up their carcasses must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening. These animals are unclean for you.

²⁹ “‘Of the animals that move along the ground, these are unclean for you: the weasel, the rat, any kind of great lizard, ³⁰ the gecko, the monitor lizard, the wall lizard, the skink and the chameleon. ³¹ Of all those that move along the ground, these are unclean for you. Whoever touches them when they are dead will be unclean till evening. ³² When one of them dies and falls on something, that article, whatever its use, will be unclean, whether it is made of wood, cloth, hide or sackcloth. Put it in water; it will be unclean till evening, and then it will be clean. ³³ If one of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it will be unclean, and you must break the pot. ³⁴ Any food you are allowed to eat that has come into contact with water from any such pot is unclean, and any liquid that is drunk from such a pot is unclean. ³⁵ Anything that one of their carcasses falls on becomes unclean; an oven or cooking pot must be broken up. They are unclean, and you are to regard them as unclean. ³⁶ A spring, however, or a cistern for collecting water remains clean, but anyone who touches one of these carcasses is unclean. ³⁷ If a carcass falls on any seeds that are to be planted, they remain clean. ³⁸ But if water has been put on the seed and a carcass falls on it, it is unclean for you.

³⁹ “‘If an animal that you are allowed to eat dies, anyone who touches its carcass will be unclean till evening. ⁴⁰ Anyone who eats some of its carcass must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening. Anyone who picks up the carcass must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.

⁴¹ “‘Every creature that moves along the ground is to be regarded as unclean; it is not to be eaten. ⁴² You are not to eat any creature that moves along the ground, whether it moves on its belly or walks on all fours or on many feet; it is unclean. ⁴³ Do not defile yourselves by any of these creatures. Do not make yourselves unclean by means of them or be made unclean by them. ⁴⁴ I am the Lord your God; consecrate yourselves and be holy, because I am holy. Do not make yourselves unclean by any creature that moves along the ground. ⁴⁵ I am the Lord, who brought you up out of Egypt to be your God; therefore be holy, because I am holy.

⁴⁶ “‘These are the regulations concerning animals, birds, every living thing that moves about in the water and every creature that moves along the ground. ⁴⁷ You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean, between living creatures that may be eaten and those that may not be eaten.’”

 

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    成為耶和華上帝的子民，必須是聖潔的，在這裡告訴我們一個基本原則：「我是把你們從埃及地領出來的耶和華，要作你們的上帝；所以你們要聖潔，因為我是聖潔的。這是走獸、飛鳥，和水中游動的活物，並地上爬物的條例。要把潔淨的和不潔淨的，可吃的與不可吃的活物，都分別出來。（11:45-47）

    上帝在這裡讓以色列人怎樣分別，因為聖潔第一步就是分別！然而，潔淨不潔淨是上帝定的，不是人定的。人只能遵從上帝所說的，不是靠人自己的喜好來決定。這也也就是要說明，聖潔是上帝所賦予的，不是人自我改變來的！

    許多人以為自我改或自我提升，就可以成為聖潔，被上帝接納成為聖潔無瑕疵，其實這都是異想天開！我們必須靠耶穌基督才被上帝看為聖潔，正如保羅所說：「就如上帝從創立世界以前，在基督裡揀選了我們，使我們在他面前成為聖潔，無有瑕疵；」（以弗所書1:4）

  

    所以，我們聖潔不是靠自己修行（自我改或自我提升）來的，只有藉耶穌基督來的！