出埃及記20:1-17

20:1 上帝吩咐這一切的話說：
20:2 「我是耶和華─你的上帝，曾將你從埃及地為奴之家領出來。
20:3 「除了我以外，你不可有別的神。
20:4 「不可為自己雕刻偶像，也不可做甚麼形像彷彿上天、下地，和地底下、水中的百物。
20:5 不可跪拜那些像，也不可事奉它，因為我耶和華─你的上帝是忌邪的上帝。恨我的，我必追討他的罪，自父及子，直到三四代；
20:6 愛我、守我誡命的，我必向他們發慈愛，直到千代。
20:7 「不可妄稱耶和華─你上帝的名；因為妄稱耶和華名的，耶和華必不以他為無罪。
20:8 「當記念安息日，守為聖日。
20:9 六日要勞碌做你一切的工，
20:10 但第七日是向耶和華─你上帝當守的安息日。這一日你和你的兒女、僕婢、牲畜，並你城裡寄居的客旅，無論何工都不可做；
20:11 因為六日之內，耶和華造天、地、海，和其中的萬物，第七日便安息，所以耶和華賜福與安息日，定為聖日。
20:12 「當孝敬父母，使你的日子在耶和華─你上帝所賜你的地上得以長久。
20:13 「不可殺人。
20:14 「不可姦淫。
20:15 「不可偷盜。
20:16 「不可作假見證陷害人。
20:17 「不可貪戀人的房屋；也不可貪戀人的妻子、僕婢、牛驢，並他一切所有的。」

 And God spoke all these words:

² “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery.

³ “You shall have no other gods before^[a] me.

⁴ “You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. ⁵ You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, ⁶ but showing love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.

⁷ “You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.

⁸ “Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. ⁹ Six days you shall labor and do all your work, ¹⁰ but the seventh day is a sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns. ¹¹ For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.

¹² “Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the land the Lord your God is giving you.

¹³ “You shall not murder.

¹⁴ “You shall not commit adultery.

¹⁵ “You shall not steal.

¹⁶ “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.

¹⁷ “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

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    雖然教會稱這段經文的內容是「十誡」，但是原文沒有將她用一、二、三、…來條列，而且教會歷史上，不同宗派的「十誡」順序也有些不同，因此還是回歸原文來看這段經文，讓我們思考上帝頒布這些命令的意義。

    上帝一開始宣告自己是誰，這樣說：「我是耶和華─你的上帝，曾將你從埃及地為奴之家領出來」。也因為這樣，上帝才有權柄說出下面的話；若不是上帝拯救他們脫離埃及的奴役，他們就無法屬於上帝了，上帝也沒有辦法要求他們遵守律例了！所以，是先有得救，才有守律法的必要！

    今天我們也像以色列人一樣，被耶穌基督從魔鬼與罪惡的奴役之下拯救出來，才可以成為上帝的兒女，才有必要遵守聖經的教導，成為屬乎上帝兒女的記號，而且是因為上帝賜下聖靈為印記，我們才能行在上帝的道中，這一切都要得救先！

    故此，律法是得救以後才要守的，不是守律法才可以得救！

箴言27:21

鼎為煉銀，爐為煉金，人的稱讚也試煉人。

The crucible for silver and the furnace for gold,
    but people are tested by their praise.

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    許多人說自己是吃軟不吃硬，不喜歡別人批評，喜歡人的稱讚，希望別人好聲好氣對我們說話！其實這樣的表現也是因為罪性的關係，因為人犯罪之後，就是以自我為中心，拒絕上帝和看輕別人！

    也因為這樣別人的稱讚不見得是對自己好，反而讓自己迷失，忘記自己是一個有最不完全的人，隨時隨刻都需要耶穌基督拯救的人，須要靠主耶穌基督的寶些遮蓋，才可以在上帝面前站立得住的人！

    因此，基督徒面對「稱讚」時，要想到一切都是上帝在基督裡的恩典，要將榮耀歸給上帝！正如保羅所說：「使你與人不同的是誰呢？你有甚麼不是領受的呢？若是領受的，為何自誇，彷彿不是領受的呢？」（哥林多前書4:7）

出埃及記19章

          出埃及記19:1-25  ,

          出埃及記19:4 ,

          出埃及記19:6  ,  出埃及記19:6  ,

          出埃及記19:9-15 ,

出埃及記19:1-25

19:1 以色列人出埃及地以後，滿了三個月的那一天，就來到西奈的曠野。
19:2 他們離了利非訂，來到西奈的曠野，就在那裡的山下安營。
19:3 摩西到上帝那裡，耶和華從山上呼喚他說：「你要這樣告訴雅各家，曉諭以色列人說：
19:4 『我向埃及人所行的事，你們都看見了，且看見我如鷹將你們背在翅膀上，帶來歸我。
19:5 如今你們若實在聽從我的話，遵守我的約，就要在萬民中作屬我的子民，因為全地都是我的。
19:6 你們要歸我作祭司的國度，為聖潔的國民。』這些話你要告訴以色列人。」
19:7 摩西去召了民間的長老來，將耶和華所吩咐他的話都在他們面前陳明。
19:8 百姓都同聲回答說：「凡耶和華所說的，我們都要遵行。」摩西就將百姓的話回覆耶和華。
19:9 耶和華對摩西說：「我要在密雲中臨到你那裡，叫百姓在我與你說話的時候可以聽見，也可以永遠信你了。」於是，摩西將百姓的話奏告耶和華。
19:10 耶和華又對摩西說：「你往百姓那裡去，叫他們今天明天自潔，又叫他們洗衣服。
19:11 到第三天要預備好了，因為第三天耶和華要在眾百姓眼前降臨在西奈山上。
19:12 你要在山的四圍給百姓定界限，說：『你們當謹慎，不可上山去，也不可摸山的邊界；凡摸這山的，必要治死他。
19:13 不可用手摸他，必用石頭打死，或用箭射透；無論是人是牲畜，都不得活。到角聲拖長的時候，他們才可到山根來。』」
19:14 摩西下山往百姓那裡去，叫他們自潔，他們就洗衣服。
19:15 他對百姓說：「到第三天要預備好了。不可親近女人。」
19:16 到了第三天早晨，在山上有雷轟、閃電，和密雲，並且角聲甚大，營中的百姓盡都發顫。
19:17 摩西率領百姓出營迎接上帝，都站在山下。
19:18 西奈全山冒煙，因為耶和華在火中降於山上。山的煙氣上騰，如燒窯一般，遍山大大地震動。
19:19 角聲漸漸地高而又高，摩西就說話，上帝有聲音答應他。
19:20 耶和華降臨在西奈山頂上，耶和華召摩西上山頂，摩西就上去。
19:21 耶和華對摩西說：「你下去囑咐百姓，不可闖過來到我面前觀看，恐怕他們有多人死亡；
19:22 又叫親近我的祭司自潔，恐怕我忽然出來擊殺他們。」
19:23 摩西對耶和華說：「百姓不能上西奈山，因為你已經囑咐我們說：『要在山的四圍定界限，叫山成聖。』」
19:24 耶和華對他說：「下去吧，你要和亞倫一同上來；只是祭司和百姓不可闖過來上到我面前，恐怕我忽然出來擊殺他們。」
19:25 於是摩西下到百姓那裡告訴他們。

 On the first day of the third month after the Israelites left Egypt—on that very day—they came to the Desert of Sinai. ² After they set out from Rephidim, they entered the Desert of Sinai, and Israel camped there in the desert in front of the mountain.

³ Then Moses went up to God, and the Lord called to him from the mountain and said, “This is what you are to say to the descendants of Jacob and what you are to tell the people of Israel: ⁴ ‘You yourselves have seen what I did to Egypt, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings and brought you to myself. ⁵ Now if you obey me fully and keep my covenant, then out of all nations you will be my treasured possession. Although the whole earth is mine, ⁶ you^[a] will be for me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words you are to speak to the Israelites.”
⁷ So Moses went back and summoned the elders of the people and set before them all the words the Lord had commanded him to speak. ⁸ The people all responded together, “We will do everything the Lord has said.” So Moses brought their answer back to the Lord.
⁹ The Lord said to Moses, “I am going to come to you in a dense cloud, so that the people will hear me speaking with you and will always put their trust in you.” Then Moses told the Lord what the people had said.
¹⁰ And the Lord said to Moses, “Go to the people and consecrate them today and tomorrow. Have them wash their clothes ¹¹ and be ready by the third day, because on that day the Lord will come down on Mount Sinai in the sight of all the people. ¹² Put limits for the people around the mountain and tell them, ‘Be careful that you do not approach the mountain or touch the foot of it. Whoever touches the mountain is to be put to death. ¹³ They are to be stoned or shot with arrows; not a hand is to be laid on them. No person or animal shall be permitted to live.’ Only when the ram’s horn sounds a long blast may they approach the mountain.”
¹⁴ After Moses had gone down the mountain to the people, he consecrated them, and they washed their clothes. ¹⁵ Then he said to the people, “Prepare yourselves for the third day. Abstain from sexual relations.”
¹⁶ On the morning of the third day there was thunder and lightning, with a thick cloud over the mountain, and a very loud trumpet blast. Everyone in the camp trembled. ¹⁷ Then Moses led the people out of the camp to meet with God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain. ¹⁸ Mount Sinai was covered with smoke, because the Lord descended on it in fire. The smoke billowed up from it like smoke from a furnace, and the whole mountain^[b] trembled violently. ¹⁹ As the sound of the trumpet grew louder and louder, Moses spoke and the voice of God answered him.^[c]
20 The Lord descended to the top of Mount Sinai and called Moses to the top of the mountain. So Moses went up ²¹ and the Lord said to him, “Go down and warn the people so they do not force their way through to see the Lord and many of them perish. ²² Even the priests, who approach the Lord, must consecrate themselves, or the Lord will break out against them.”
²³ Moses said to the Lord, “The people cannot come up Mount Sinai, because you yourself warned us, ‘Put limits around the mountain and set it apart as holy.’”
²⁴ The Lord replied, “Go down and bring Aaron up with you. But the priests and the people must not force their way through to come up to the Lord, or he will break out against them.”
²⁵ So Moses went down to the people and told them.

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    摩西在這裡聲明上帝的「聖」，是不可侵犯的「聖」！面對這樣的「聖」，是帶有威嚴的，是超乎人所能承受的！就像皇帝或國王的「聖」，是不可以違抗，一違抗就必須被治罪，甚至要付出極大的代價，生命還會喪失呢！

    這就說到上帝的主權性，是人無法違抗的！因為人常常高舉自己有自由可以做自己想做的事，於是強調「自由意志」！殊不知，人的自由意志並不是完全的，必須是伏在上帝的主權之下！也就是說，自由意志是有限的範圍，也不是無限的範圍！

    然而可惜的是，自從人類的祖先亞當和夏娃犯罪以來，罪就進入人的生命中轄制人，使人的意志不自由了，還有許多人已為自己有自由意志，可以決定要不要接受救恩！卻不知道，現在的意志已經不自由了，導致人是拒絕上帝的拯救，以致滅亡！

    然而上帝不願意人全部沉淪，在創世以前，就已經揀選一些人得救，在末日的時候，差遣聖靈開啟這些人的心眼，認出耶穌基督是主，並且接受祂的救恩，好脫離滅亡，想受永生的福樂！這一切，都是出於上帝的憐憫和恩典，不是人的努力感動上帝，反倒是上帝藉聖靈感動我們！