2020年4月6日 星期一

申命記20:1-20


20:1 「你出去與仇敵爭戰的時候,看見馬匹、車輛,並有比你多的人民,不要怕他們,因為領你出埃及地的耶和華你上帝與你同在。
20:2
你們將要上陣的時候,祭司要到百姓面前宣告
20:3
說:『以色列人哪,你們當聽,你們今日將要與仇敵爭戰,不要膽怯,不要懼怕戰兢,也不要因他們驚恐;
20:4
因為耶和華你們的上帝與你們同去,要為你們與仇敵爭戰,拯救你們。』
20:5
官長也要對百姓宣告說:『誰建造房屋,尚未奉獻,他可以回家去,恐怕他陣亡,別人去奉獻。
20:6
誰種葡萄園,尚未用所結的果子,他可以回家去,恐怕他陣亡,別人去用。
20:7
誰聘定了妻,尚未迎娶,他可以回家去,恐怕他陣亡,別人去娶。』
20:8
官長又要對百姓宣告說:『誰懼怕膽怯,他可以回家去,恐怕他弟兄的心消化,和他一樣。』
20:9
官長對百姓宣告完了,就當派軍長率領他們。
20:10
「你臨近一座城、要攻打的時候,先要對城裡的民宣告和睦的話。
20:11
他們若以和睦的話回答你,給你開了城,城裡所有的人都要給你效勞,服事你;
20:12
若不肯與你和好,反要與你打仗,你就要圍困那城。
20:13
耶和華你的上帝把城交付你手,你就要用刀殺盡這城的男丁。
20:14
惟有婦女、孩子、牲畜,和城內一切的財物,你可以取為自己的掠物。耶和華你上帝把你仇敵的財物賜給你,你可以吃用。
20:15
離你甚遠的各城,不是這些國民的城,你都要這樣待他。
20:16
但這些國民的城,耶和華你上帝既賜你為業,其中凡有氣息的,一個不可存留;
20:17
只要照耶和華你上帝所吩咐的將這赫人、亞摩利人、迦南人、比利洗人、希未人、耶布斯人都滅絕淨盡,
20:18
免得他們教導你們學習一切可憎惡的事,就是他們向自己神所行的,以致你們得罪耶和華你們的上帝。
20:19
「你若許久圍困、攻打所要取的一座城,就不可舉斧子砍壞樹木;因為你可以吃那樹上的果子,不可砍伐。田間的樹木豈是人,叫你糟蹋嗎?
20:20
惟獨你所知道不是結果子的樹木可以毀壞、砍伐,用以修築營壘,攻擊那與你打仗的城,直到攻塌了。」

When you go to war against your enemies and see horses and chariots and an army greater than yours, do not be afraid of them, because the Lord your God, who brought you up out of Egypt, will be with you. When you are about to go into battle, the priest shall come forward and address the army. He shall say: “Hear, Israel: Today you are going into battle against your enemies. Do not be fainthearted or afraid; do not panic or be terrified by them. For the Lord your God is the one who goes with you to fight for you against your enemies to give you victory.”
The officers shall say to the army: “Has anyone built a new house and not yet begun to live in it? Let him go home, or he may die in battle and someone else may begin to live in it. Has anyone planted a vineyard and not begun to enjoy it? Let him go home, or he may die in battle and someone else enjoy it. Has anyone become pledged to a woman and not married her? Let him go home, or he may die in battle and someone else marry her.” Then the officers shall add, “Is anyone afraid or fainthearted? Let him go home so that his fellow soldiers will not become disheartened too.” When the officers have finished speaking to the army, they shall appoint commanders over it.
10 When you march up to attack a city, make its people an offer of peace. 11 If they accept and open their gates, all the people in it shall be subject to forced labor and shall work for you. 12 If they refuse to make peace and they engage you in battle, lay siege to that city. 13 When the Lord your God delivers it into your hand, put to the sword all the men in it. 14 As for the women, the children, the livestock and everything else in the city, you may take these as plunder for yourselves. And you may use the plunder the Lord your God gives you from your enemies. 15 This is how you are to treat all the cities that are at a distance from you and do not belong to the nations nearby.
16 However, in the cities of the nations the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance, do not leave alive anything that breathes. 17 Completely destroy[a] them—the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites—as the Lord your God has commanded you. 18 Otherwise, they will teach you to follow all the detestable things they do in worshiping their gods, and you will sin against the Lord your God.
19 When you lay siege to a city for a long time, fighting against it to capture it, do not destroy its trees by putting an ax to them, because you can eat their fruit. Do not cut them down. Are the trees people, that you should besiege them?[b] 20 However, you may cut down trees that you know are not fruit trees and use them to build siege works until the city at war with you falls.

***********

    有許多人自稱是和平主義者,反對戰爭!他們也認為上帝看重和平,也必定反對戰爭。然而這些和平主義者,並不是真正看重和平,而是害怕戰爭的殘忍,認為戰爭必定有人尚失性命。

    然而上帝在這裡似乎不吝惜生命,命令以色列人:「但這些國民的城,耶和華─你上帝既賜你為業,其中凡有氣息的,一個不可存留;只要照耶和華─你上帝所吩咐的將這赫人、亞摩利人、迦南人、比利洗人、希未人、耶布斯人都滅絕淨盡,免得他們教導你們學習一切可憎惡的事,就是他們向自己神所行的,以致你們得罪耶和華─你們的上帝。」

    也就是說,以色列人進入迦南地,必須將當地的迦南人全部除滅!目的就是要以色列人不受這些人影響,而去崇拜偶像,導致以色列遠離上帝。也因此,在聖經中上帝不斷宣告要除去邱壇,因為邱壇是敬拜偶像的地方。上帝命令以色列人進迦南地之後,遵行祂藉著摩西頒布的律法,活出聖潔子民的樣式!

    所以,以色列人在迦南地征戰的目的,不僅要得地為業,更是要為上帝的聖潔彰顯而戰!然而今天耶穌基督已經來到世界,基督徒參與戰爭的目的也是為了聖潔而戰,只是今日的聖潔是和平和公義,戰爭的目的是要讓破壞和平和公義者獲得制裁,讓上帝的和平和公義被高舉!



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