2020年6月23日 星期二

詩篇104:1-35


104:1 我的心哪,你要稱頌耶和華!耶和華我的上帝啊,你為至大!你以尊榮威嚴為衣服,
104:2
披上亮光,如披外袍,鋪張穹蒼,如鋪幔子,
104:3
在水中立樓閣的棟梁,用雲彩為車輦,藉著風的翅膀而行,
104:4
以風為使者,以火焰為僕役,
104:5
將地立在根基上,使地永不動搖。
104:6
你用深水遮蓋地面,猶如衣裳;諸水高過山嶺。
104:7
你的斥責一發,水便奔逃;你的雷聲一發,水便奔流。
104:8
諸山升上,諸谷沉下(或譯:隨山上翻,隨谷下流),歸你為它所安定之地。
104:9
你定了界限,使水不能過去,不再轉回遮蓋地面。
104:10
耶和華使泉源湧在山谷,流在山間,
104:11
使野地的走獸有水喝,野驢得解其渴。
104:12
天上的飛鳥在水旁住宿,在樹枝上啼叫。
104:13
他從樓閣中澆灌山嶺;因他作為的功效,地就豐足。
104:14
他使草生長,給六畜吃,使菜蔬發長,供給人用,使人從地裡能得食物,
104:15
又得酒能悅人心,得油能潤人面,得糧能養人心。
104:16
佳美的樹木,就是黎巴嫩的香柏樹,是耶和華所栽種的,都滿了汁漿。
104:17
雀鳥在其上搭窩;至於鶴,松樹是牠的房屋。
104:18
高山為野山羊的住所;巖石為沙番的藏處。
104:19
你安置月亮為定節令;日頭自知沉落。
104:20
你造黑暗為夜,林中的百獸就都爬出來。
104:21
少壯獅子吼叫,要抓食,向上帝尋求食物。
104:22
日頭一出,獸便躲避,臥在洞裡。
104:23
人出去做工,勞碌直到晚上。
104:24
耶和華啊,你所造的何其多!都是你用智慧造成的;遍地滿了你的豐富。
104:25
那裡有海,又大又廣;其中有無數的動物,大小活物都有。
104:26
那裡有船行走,有你所造的鱷魚游泳在其中。
104:27
這都仰望你按時給牠食物。
104:28
你給牠們,牠們便拾起來;你張手,牠們飽得美食。
104:29
你掩面,牠們便驚惶;你收回牠們的氣,牠們就死亡,歸於塵土。
104:30
你發出你的靈,牠們便受造;你使地面更換為新。
104:31
願耶和華的榮耀存到永遠!願耶和華喜悅自己所造的!
104:32
他看地,地便震動;他摸山,山就冒煙。
104:33
我要一生向耶和華唱詩!我還活的時候,要向我上帝歌頌!
104:34
願他以我的默念為甘甜!我要因耶和華歡喜!
104:35
願罪人從世上消滅!願惡人歸於無有!我的心哪,要稱頌耶和華!你們要讚美耶和華(原文是哈利路亞;下同)!

Praise the Lord, my soul.
Lord my God, you are very great;
    you are clothed with splendor and majesty.
The Lord wraps himself in light as with a garment;
    he stretches out the heavens like a tent
    and lays the beams of his upper chambers on their waters.
He makes the clouds his chariot
    and rides on the wings of the wind.
He makes winds his messengers,[a]
    flames of fire his servants.
He set the earth on its foundations;
    it can never be moved.
You covered it with the watery depths as with a garment;

    the waters stood above the mountains.
But at your rebuke the waters fled,
    at the sound of your thunder they took to flight;
they flowed over the mountains,
    they went down into the valleys,
    to the place you assigned for them.
You set a boundary they cannot cross;
    never again will they cover the earth.
10 He makes springs pour water into the ravines;
    it flows between the mountains.
11 They give water to all the beasts of the field;

    the wild donkeys quench their thirst.
12 The birds of the sky nest by the waters;
    they sing among the branches.
13 He waters the mountains from his upper chambers;
    the land is satisfied by the fruit of his work.
14 He makes grass grow for the cattle,
    and plants for people to cultivate—
    bringing forth food from the earth:
15 wine that gladdens human hearts,
    oil to make their faces shine,
    and bread that sustains their hearts.
16 The trees of the Lord are well watered,
    the cedars of Lebanon that he planted.
17 There the birds make their nests;
    the stork has its home in the junipers.
18 The high mountains belong to the wild goats;
    the crags are a refuge for the hyrax.
19 He made the moon to mark the seasons,
    and the sun knows when to go down.
20 You bring darkness, it becomes night,
    and all the beasts of the forest prowl.
21 The lions roar for their prey
    and seek their food from God.
22 The sun rises, and they steal away;
    they return and lie down in their dens.
23 Then people go out to their work,
    to their labor until evening.
24 How many are your works, Lord!
    In wisdom you made them all;
    the earth is full of your creatures.
25 There is the sea, vast and spacious,

    teeming with creatures beyond number—
    living things both large and small.
26 There the ships go to and fro,
    and Leviathan, which you formed to frolic there.
27 All creatures look to you
    to give them their food at the proper time.
28 When you give it to them,

    they gather it up;
when you open your hand,
    they are satisfied with good things.
29 When you hide your face,
    they are terrified;
when you take away their breath,
    they die and return to the dust.
30 When you send your Spirit,
    they are created,
    and you renew the face of the ground.
31 May the glory of the Lord endure forever;
    may the Lord rejoice in his works—
32 he who looks at the earth, and it trembles,
    who touches the mountains, and they smoke.
33 I will sing to the Lord all my life;
    I will sing praise to my God as long as I live.
34 May my meditation be pleasing to him,

    as I rejoice in the Lord.
35 But may sinners vanish from the earth
    and the wicked be no more.
Praise the Lord, my soul.
Praise the Lord.[b]

**************

    詩篇是用來頌讚上帝,不是科學論文,也因此要以文學的角度來認識這首讚美詩,不要去細究合不合乎「地球科學」的理論。我們要以貼近生活的文學欣賞,來感受上帝創造和護理的奇妙!

    我們對許多大自然的現象不明白,也沒有足夠的科學知識,只能用上帝的啟示來填補一些我們無法明瞭的事情。但是對於這些不明白的事,也只能用想像或擬人的手法來敘述,這是合乎常理的做法。

    也因為如此,我們不可以用今日的科學來批判過去的文學,更不能用輕視的眼光來閱讀。想想這樣的作品,讓人感受到上帝的真實與慈愛的作為,算是非常精準敘述的文學作品,勝過許多的神話故事!也因此,我們可以說:聖經是無謬誤的!我們大可透過這些話語,來述說與傳揚,帶領弟兄姊妹一同來敬拜主!正如施人的呼籲:哈利路亞!讓我們來頌讚上帝!




詩篇103:1-22


103:1 (大衛的詩。)我的心哪,你要稱頌耶和華!凡在我裡面的,也要稱頌他的聖名!
103:2
我的心哪,你要稱頌耶和華!不可忘記他的一切恩惠!
103:3
他赦免你的一切罪孽,醫治你的一切疾病。
103:4
他救贖你的命脫離死亡,以仁愛和慈悲為你的冠冕。
103:5
他用美物使你所願的得以知足,以致你如鷹返老還童。
103:6
耶和華施行公義,為一切受屈的人伸冤。
103:7
他使摩西知道他的法則,叫以色列人曉得他的作為。
103:8
耶和華有憐憫,有恩典,不輕易發怒,且有豐盛的慈愛。
103:9
他不長久責備,也不永遠懷怒。
103:10
他沒有按我們的罪過待我們,也沒有照我們的罪孽報應我們。
103:11
天離地何等的高,他的慈愛向敬畏他的人也是何等的大!
103:12
東離西有多遠,他叫我們的過犯離我們也有多遠!
103:13
父親怎樣憐恤他的兒女,耶和華也怎樣憐恤敬畏他的人!
103:14
因為他知道我們的本體,思念我們不過是塵土。
103:15
至於世人,他的年日如草一樣。他發旺如野地的花,
103:16
經風一吹,便歸無有;它的原處也不再認識它。
103:17
但耶和華的慈愛歸於敬畏他的人,從亙古到永遠;他的公義也歸於子子孫孫
103:18
就是那些遵守他的約、記念他的訓詞而遵行的人。
103:19
耶和華在天上立定寶座;他的權柄(原文是國)統管萬有。
103:20
聽從他命令、成全他旨意、有大能的天使,都要稱頌耶和華!
103:21
你們作他的諸軍,作他的僕役,行他所喜悅的,都要稱頌耶和華!
103:22
你們一切被他造的,在他所治理的各處,都要稱頌耶和華!我的心哪,你要稱頌耶和華!

Of David.
Praise the Lord, my soul;
    all my inmost being, praise his holy name.
Praise the Lord, my soul,
    and forget not all his benefits—
who forgives all your sins
    and heals all your diseases,
who redeems your life from the pit
    and crowns you with love and compassion,
who satisfies your desires with good things
    so that your youth is renewed like the eagle’s.
The Lord works righteousness
    and justice for all the oppressed.
He made known his ways to Moses,
    his deeds to the people of Israel:
The Lord is compassionate and gracious,
    slow to anger, abounding in love.
He will not always accuse,
    nor will he harbor his anger forever;
10 he does not treat us as our sins deserve
    or repay us according to our iniquities.
11 For as high as the heavens are above the earth,
    so great is his love for those who fear him;
12 as far as the east is from the west,
    so far has he removed our transgressions from us.
13 As a father has compassion on his children,
    so the Lord has compassion on those who fear him;
14 for he knows how we are formed,
    he remembers that we are dust.
15 The life of mortals is like grass,
    they flourish like a flower of the field;
16 the wind blows over it and it is gone,
    and its place remembers it no more.
17 But from everlasting to everlasting
    the Lord’s love is with those who fear him,
    and his righteousness with their children’s children—
18 with those who keep his covenant
    and remember to obey his precepts.
19 The Lord has established his throne in heaven,
    and his kingdom rules over all.
20 Praise the Lord, you his angels,
    you mighty ones who do his bidding,
    who obey his word.
21 Praise the Lord, all his heavenly hosts,
    you his servants who do his will.
22 Praise the Lord, all his works
    everywhere in his dominion.
Praise the Lord, my soul.

**************

     許多人想到上帝的公義,就認為上帝是嚴厲的法官,心裡就害怕與抗拒!殊不知言立的法官主持正義所發的威嚴,正是要拯救被害的人,使被害的人獲的原本該有權利,這本是好的且是應該的!

    而這位公義的上帝為什麼要為我們伸冤和拯救我們呢﹖這是出於祂的慈愛和豐盛的恩典,也因為如此,我們就要像詩人一般的讚美上帝,先中油然發出讚嘆說:「耶和華有憐憫,有恩典,不輕易發怒,且有豐盛的慈愛。」

    詩人也在這裡說到我們倚靠上帝有什麼好處與恩典:「但耶和華的慈愛歸於敬畏他的人,從亙古到永遠;他的公義也歸於子子孫孫─就是那些遵守他的約、記念他的訓詞而遵行的人。」也因為這樣使徒約翰告訴我們:「這世界和其上的情慾都要過去,惟獨遵行上帝旨意的,是永遠常存。」(約翰一書2:17

    所以詩人在最後還是囑咐讀者:「你們一切被他造的,在他所治理的各處,都要稱頌耶和華!我的心哪,你要稱頌耶和華!」

    是的!我們要稱頌耶和華!

2020年6月22日 星期一

約書亞記19章

         約書亞記19:1-51  ,



約書亞記19:1-51


19:1 為西緬支派的人,按著宗族,拈出第二鬮。他們所得的地業是在猶大人地業中間。
19:2
他們所得為業之地就是:別是巴(或名示巴)、摩拉大、
19:3
哈薩書亞、巴拉、以森、
19:4
伊利多拉、比土力、何珥瑪、
19:5
洗革拉、伯瑪加博、哈薩蘇撒、
19:6
利巴勿、沙魯險,共十三座城,還有屬城的村莊;
19:7
又有亞因、利門、以帖、亞珊,共四座城,還有屬城的村莊;
19:8
並有這些城邑四圍一切的村莊,直到巴拉比珥,就是南地的拉瑪。這是西緬支派按著宗族所得的地業。
19:9
西緬人的地業是從猶大人地業中得來的;因為猶大人的分過多,所以西緬人在他們的地業中得了地業。
19:10
為西布倫人,按著宗族,拈出第三鬮。他們地業的境界是到撒立;
19:11
往西上到瑪拉拉,達到大巴設,又達到約念前的河;
19:12
又從撒立往東轉向日出之地,到吉斯綠他泊的境界,又通到大比拉,上到雅非亞;
19:13
從那裡往東,接連到迦特希弗,至以特加汛,通到臨門,臨門延到尼亞;
19:14
又繞過尼亞的北邊,轉到哈拿頓,通到伊弗他伊勒谷。
19:15
還有加他、拿哈拉、伸崙、以大拉、伯利恆,共十二座城,還有屬城的村莊。
19:16
這些城並屬城的村莊就是西布倫人按著宗族所得的地業。
19:17
為以薩迦人,按著宗族,拈出第四鬮。
19:18
他們的境界是到耶斯列、基蘇律、書念、
19:19
哈弗連、示按、亞拿哈拉、
19:20
拉璧、基善、亞別、
19:21
利篾、隱干寧、隱哈大、伯帕薛;
19:22
又達到他泊、沙哈洗瑪、伯示麥,直通到約旦河為止,共十六座城,還有屬城的村莊。
19:23
這些城並屬城的村莊就是以薩迦支派按著宗族所得的地業。
19:24
為亞設支派,按著宗族,拈出第五鬮。
19:25
他們的境界是黑甲、哈利、比田、押煞、
19:26
亞拉米勒、亞末、米沙勒;往西達到迦密,又到希曷立納,
19:27
轉向日出之地,到伯大袞,達到細步綸;往北到伊弗他伊勒谷,到伯以墨和尼業,也通到迦步勒的左邊;
19:28
又到義伯崙、利合、哈們、加拿,直到西頓大城;
19:29
轉到拉瑪和堅固城泰爾;又轉到何薩,靠近亞革悉一帶地方,直通到海;
19:30
又有烏瑪、亞弗、利合,共二十二座城,還有屬城的村莊。
19:31
這些城並屬城的村莊就是亞設支派按著宗族所得的地業。
19:32
為拿弗他利人,按著宗族,拈出第六鬮。
19:33
他們的境界是從希利弗從撒拿音的橡樹,從亞大米尼吉和雅比聶,直到拉共,通到約旦河;
19:34
又轉向西到亞斯納他泊,從那裡通到戶割,南邊到西布倫,西邊到亞設,又向日出之地,達到約旦河那裡的猶大。
19:35
堅固的城就是:西丁、側耳、哈末、拉甲、基尼烈、
19:36
亞大瑪、拉瑪、夏瑣、
19:37
基低斯、以得來、隱夏瑣、
19:38
以利穩、密大伊勒、和璉、伯亞納、伯示麥,共十九座城,還有屬城的村莊。
19:39
這些城並屬城的村莊就是拿弗他利支派按著宗族所得的地業。
19:40
為但支派,按著宗族,拈出第七鬮。
19:41
他們地業的境界是瑣拉、以實陶、伊珥示麥、
19:42
沙拉賓、亞雅崙、伊提拉、
19:43
以倫、亭拿他、以革倫、
19:44
伊利提基、基比頓、巴拉、
19:45
伊胡得、比尼比拉、迦特臨門、
19:46
耶昆、拉昆,並約帕對面的地界。
19:47
但人的地界越過原得的地界;因為但人上去攻取利善,用刀擊殺城中的人,得了那城,住在其中,以他們先祖但的名將利善改名為但。
19:48
這些城並屬城的村莊就是但支派按著宗族所得的地業。
19:49
以色列人按著境界分完了地業,就在他們中間將地給嫩的兒子約書亞為業,
19:50
是照耶和華的吩咐,將約書亞所求的城,就是以法蓮山地的亭拿西拉城,給了他。他就修那城,住在其中。
19:51
這就是祭司以利亞撒和嫩的兒子約書亞,並以色列各支派的族長,在示羅會幕門口,耶和華面前,拈鬮所分的地業。這樣,他們把地分完了。

  The second lot came out for the tribe of Simeon according to its clans. Their inheritance lay within the territory of Judah. It included:
Beersheba (or Sheba),[a] Moladah, Hazar Shual, Balah, Ezem, Eltolad, Bethul, Hormah, Ziklag, Beth Markaboth, Hazar Susah, Beth Lebaoth and Sharuhen—thirteen towns and their villages;
Ain, Rimmon, Ether and Ashan—four towns and their villages— and all the villages around these towns as far as Baalath Beer (Ramah in the Negev).
This was the inheritance of the tribe of the Simeonites, according to its clans. The inheritance of the Simeonites was taken from the share of Judah, because Judah’s portion was more than they needed. So the Simeonites received their inheritance within the territory of Judah.
10 The third lot came up for Zebulun according to its clans:
The boundary of their inheritance went as far as Sarid. 11 Going west it ran to Maralah, touched Dabbesheth, and extended to the ravine near Jokneam. 12 It turned east from Sarid toward the sunrise to the territory of Kisloth Tabor and went on to Daberath and up to Japhia. 13 Then it continued eastward to Gath Hepher and Eth Kazin; it came out at Rimmon and turned toward Neah. 14 There the boundary went around on the north to Hannathon and ended at the Valley of Iphtah El. 15 Included were Kattath, Nahalal, Shimron, Idalah and Bethlehem. There were twelve towns and their villages.
16 These towns and their villages were the inheritance of Zebulun, according to its clans.
17 The fourth lot came out for Issachar according to its clans. 18 Their territory included:
Jezreel, Kesulloth, Shunem, 19 Hapharaim, Shion, Anaharath, 20 Rabbith, Kishion, Ebez, 21 Remeth, En Gannim, En Haddah and Beth Pazzez. 22 The boundary touched Tabor, Shahazumah and Beth Shemesh, and ended at the Jordan. There were sixteen towns and their villages.
23 These towns and their villages were the inheritance of the tribe of Issachar, according to its clans.
24 The fifth lot came out for the tribe of Asher according to its clans. 25 Their territory included:
Helkath, Hali, Beten, Akshaph, 26 Allammelek, Amad and Mishal. On the west the boundary touched Carmel and Shihor Libnath. 27 It then turned east toward Beth Dagon, touched Zebulun and the Valley of Iphtah El, and went north to Beth Emek and Neiel, passing Kabul on the left. 28 It went to Abdon,[b] Rehob, Hammon and Kanah, as far as Greater Sidon. 29 The boundary then turned back toward Ramah and went to the fortified city of Tyre, turned toward Hosah and came out at the Mediterranean Sea in the region of Akzib, 30 Ummah, Aphek and Rehob. There were twenty-two towns and their villages.
31 These towns and their villages were the inheritance of the tribe of Asher, according to its clans.
32 The sixth lot came out for Naphtali according to its clans:
33 Their boundary went from Heleph and the large tree in Zaanannim, passing Adami Nekeb and Jabneel to Lakkum and ending at the Jordan. 34 The boundary ran west through Aznoth Tabor and came out at Hukkok. It touched Zebulun on the south, Asher on the west and the Jordan[c] on the east. 35 The fortified towns were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Kinnereth, 36 Adamah, Ramah, Hazor, 37 Kedesh, Edrei, En Hazor, 38 Iron, Migdal El, Horem, Beth Anath and Beth Shemesh. There were nineteen towns and their villages.
39 These towns and their villages were the inheritance of the tribe of Naphtali, according to its clans.
40 The seventh lot came out for the tribe of Dan according to its clans. 41 The territory of their inheritance included:
Zorah, Eshtaol, Ir Shemesh, 42 Shaalabbin, Aijalon, Ithlah, 43 Elon, Timnah, Ekron, 44 Eltekeh, Gibbethon, Baalath, 45 Jehud, Bene Berak, Gath Rimmon, 46 Me Jarkon and Rakkon, with the area facing Joppa.
47 (When the territory of the Danites was lost to them, they went up and attacked Leshem, took it, put it to the sword and occupied it. They settled in Leshem and named it Dan after their ancestor.)
48 These towns and their villages were the inheritance of the tribe of Dan, according to its clans.
49 When they had finished dividing the land into its allotted portions, the Israelites gave Joshua son of Nun an inheritance among them, 50 as the Lord had commanded. They gave him the town he asked for—Timnath Serah[d] in the hill country of Ephraim. And he built up the town and settled there.
51 These are the territories that Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun and the heads of the tribal clans of Israel assigned by lot at Shiloh in the presence of the Lord at the entrance to the tent of meeting. And so they finished dividing the land.

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    土地終於分配完成,每個支派都有自己的領土。但是比較特別的是,約書亞和迦勒一樣,有屬於自己的土地!這也是上帝的應許,因為十個探子,只有他們照上帝的心意說話,看見上帝所預備的美地,上帝特別賞賜給他們兩位!

    而在這裡有一件特別的事,就是大部分的土地是屬於支派的,不是屬於個人的,除了約書亞和迦勒之外!而舊約聖經的歷史一直圍繞在這個土地原則,就像我們的國家,土地是屬於家族的,所以嫁出去的人沒有土地繼承權!

    舊約為何談土地的問題?因為聖經中的信仰不是建立在「唯心主義」,是講求客觀事實的信仰,正如耶穌基督是歷史上真真實實的人,不是虛幻的人!也因為這樣,上帝的救贖是要真真實實臨到我們,不是畫餅充飢的主觀理論!

    這也是為什麼基督教的解經要看重歷史、文化,表示我們不是憑空想像或揣摩出來的,為要說明聖經是上帝真實的啟示!想進一步瞭解可以閱讀: 歷史和文化解經  (http://lk15911.blogspot.com/2016/01/blog-post_34.html

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